Modeling erosion processes on unpaved roads using KINEROS2
Received date: 2009-02-18
Revised date: 2009-05-31
Online published: 2010-03-20
Unpaved road is a ubiquitous feature in mountainous areas. Although such roads facilitate the use and management of natural resources, they may result in adverse changes in watershed processes. In particular, they can alter hydrologic processes that influence sediment transport and delivery. In this paper, the Wangjiaqiao Watershed, located in the Three Gorges Area (TGA), is taken as a case study area to understand the impacts of unpaved roads on hydrologic processes, sediment transport, and sediment delivery at small watershed scale from a multidisciplinary perspective. The results showed that roads on the TGA could be classified into 3 classes based on their functions and scales. The event- and physics-based KINEROS2 runoff/erosion model for predicting overland flow generation and sediment production was applied to unpaved roads. Field rainfall simulations conducted in the TGA provided independent data for model calibration and validation. Validation showed that KINEROS2 can be parameterized to simulate total discharge, sediment transport and sediment concentration on small-scale road plots during simulated rainfall events. Differences between measured and simulated values in total runoff and total soil loss were about 3.6%-14.7% and 4.5%-31.8%, respectively. The KINEROS2 model, however, did not accurately predict time-dependent changes in sediment output and concentration. In particular, early flush peaks and the temporal decay in sediment output were not predicted.
Key words： unpaved road; soil loss; runoff; simulated rainfall; KINEROS2 model
SHI Zhi-hua , FANG Nu-fang , LI Lu , JIANG Cheng , PENG Ye-xuan . Modeling erosion processes on unpaved roads using KINEROS2[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2010 , 29(3) : 408 -415 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2010030003
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