The influence, after introduction of Spartina alterniflora,on the distribution of TOC, TN and TP in tidal salt marshes in north Jiangsu Province,is analyzed. The result indicates that, the unit area accumulation of TOC, TN and TP within the depths of 0~20cm, as well as average horizontal and vertical contents of TOC and TN, in Spartina alterniflora marshes, are higher than those in other ecological zones, and decrease from Spartina alterniflora marshes to Artemisia schrenkiana marshes, Phragmiues auszradis marshes and silty marshes. While the highest average horizontal and vertical content of TP occurs in silty marshes, and the average content increases from land to sea. In autumn, the unit area accumulation content of TOC of Spartina alterniflora is 14.1 and 1.9 times that of Artemisia schrenkiana and Phragmiues auszradis, respectively. Similarly, the unit area accumulation content of TN of Spartina alterniflora is 32 and 1.6 times that of Artemisia schrenkiana and Phragmiues auszradis. The unit area accumulation of TP of Spartina alterniflora is also larger than that of Artemisia schrenkiana and Phragmiues auszradis, its content is respectively 56 and 3.9 times that of Artemisia schrenkiana and Phragmiues auszradis. The influences, after introduction of Spartina alterniflora,on the distribution of TOC, TN and TP in tidal salt marshes are: (1) The accumulating rate of Spartina alterniflora is high, which benefits the preservation of nutrient matter, and the increase of accumulation contents of TOC, TN and TP in the whole tidal salt marshes;(2) changes of plants distribution pattern in tidal salt marshes induced by Spartina alterniflora, accordingly heighten the accumulations of TOC, TN and TP in the whole ecosystem; (3)the high production and enormous belowground biomass of Spartina alterniflora, influence not only TOC, TN and TP cycling in the inner ecosystem, and the exchange between the adjoining ecosystem, but also accumulations of such three matters in the whole tidal salt marshes;and(4)Spartina alterniflora demands abundant P during growing process because of its vegetative characteristics, and the content of TP in sediment of Spartina alterniflora marshes is continuously decreased during its movement from land to sea. Therefore, the content of TP in silty marshes is higher than that in other ecological zones.
GAO Jian-hua, YANG Gui-shan, OU Wei-xin
. The influence after introduction of Spartina alterniflora on the distribution of TOC, TN and TP in the national Yancheng rare birds nature reserve,Jiangsu Province,China[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2007
, 26(4)
: 799
-808
.
DOI: 10.11821/yj2007040017
[1] James T, Morris R A, Houghton Daniel B B. Theoretical limits of belowground production by Spartina alterniflora: An analysis through modeling. Ecological Modelling,1984,26(4):155~175.
[2] Qin P,et al.Estimation of ecological economic benefits of Spartina alterniflora plantations in North Jiangsu, China. Ecological Engineering,1997,8(1):5~17.
[3] 沈永明,刘咏梅.江苏沿海互花米草(Spartina alterniflora Loisel)盐沼扩展过程的遥感分析.植物资源与环境学报,2002,11(2):33~38.
[4] 彭少麟,向言词.植物外来种入侵及其对生态系统的影响.生态学报,1999,19(4):560~568.
[5] 钦佩,仲崇信.米草的应用研究.北京:海洋出版社,1992.
[6] Kivaisi A K. The potential for constructed wetlands for waste water treatment and reuse in developing countries: A review. Ecological Engineering,2001,16:545~560.
[7] Anttila C K,et al. Greater male fitness of a rare invader Spartina alterniflora, threatens a common native Spartina foliosa with hybridization. American Journal of Botany,1999,85(11):1597~1601.
[8] 沈永明,张忍顺,王艳红.互花米草盐沟潮沟地貌特征. 地理研究,2003,20(4):520~527.
[9] 彭建,王仰麟.我国沿海滩涂景观生态初步研究.地理研究,2000,19(3):249~256.
[10] 刘纪远,于贵瑞,王绍强,等.陆地生态系统碳循环及其机理研究的地球信息科学方法初探. 地理研究,2003,20(4):397~405.
[11] 徐国万,卓荣宗,曹豪,等. 互花米草生物量年动态及其与滩涂生境的关系. 植物生态学与地植物学学报,1989,13(3):230~235.
[12] 邵成,陈中林,董厚德.辽河河口湿地芦苇的生长及生物量研究. 辽宁大学学报(自然科学版),1995,22(1):89~94.
[13] 何池全.湿地植物生态过程理论及其应用——三江平原典型湿地研究. 上海:上海科学技术出版社,2003.383.
[14] 杨桂山.中国海岸环境变化及其区域响应. 北京:高等教育出版社,2002.41~58.
[15] Mayer L M, Macko S A, Cammen L. Provenance, concentrations and nature of edimentary organic nitrogen in the Gulf of Maine. Marine Chemistry,1988,25:291~304.
[16] 陈才俊. 江苏滩涂大米草促淤护岸效果. 海洋通报,1994,13(2):55~61.
[17] 张忍顺,沈永明,陆丽云. 江苏沿海互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)盐沼的形成过程. 海洋与湖沼,2005,36(4):358~366.
[18] 王爱军,高抒. 江苏王港海岸湿地的围垦现状及湿地资源可持续利用. 自然资源学报,2005,20(6):822~829.
[19] 陈一宁,高抒,贾建军,等. 米草属植物(Spartina angilica和Spartina alterniflora)引种后江苏海岸湿地生态演化的初步探讨.海洋与湖沼,2005,36(5):394~403.
[20] 杨世伦,陈吉余. 试论植物在潮滩发育演变中的作用. 海洋与湖沼,1994,25(6):631~635.
[21] Paulo da C L, Claudia G, Sibelle T D. Seasonal variation of biomass and production dynamics for above and below-ground components of a Spartina alterniflora marsh in the euhaline sector of Paranaguá Bay. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science,1991,32(3):231~241.
[22] Seth R R, Alan E S. Environmental patchiness, litter decomposition and associated faunal patterns in a Spartina alterniflora marsh. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science,1983,16(5):559~571.
[23] Howarth R W. Microbial processes in salt-marsh sediments. In: Ford E T. Aquatic Microbiology. Oxford:Blackwell,1993.239~261.
[24] Schalles J, Shure D J. Hydrology, community structure, and productivity patterns of a dystrophic Carolina Bay wetland. Ecological Monographs,1989,59(4) :365~385.
[25] 高建华,杨桂山,欧维新. 苏北潮滩湿地不同生态带有机质来源的辨析与定量估算. 环境科学,2005,26(6):57~63.
[26] 曹洪麟,陈树培,丘向宇.开发互花米草开发华南热带海滩. 热带地理,1997,17(1):41~46.
[27] Hemminga M A, Van Soelen J, Mass Y E. Biomass production in pioneer Spartina Angilica Patches:Evidence for importance seston particle deposition. Estuaries, Coastal and Shelf Science,1998,47: 797~805.
