On the basis of field research conducted on the basic work,the quadrat method and the mathematical statistics method were used to investigate the species composition and characteristics of the Pinus taiwanensis community species in Tianzhu Mountain area of Anhui. In this paper,the species diversity of plant communities in Tianzhu Mountain area was analyzed by factor analysis method, expert assessment method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Then based on the improved adjustment method of the Gehlbach's plant communities protection value,with the integration of qualitative and quantitative way,this experiment expatiated the importance and protective value of the Pinus taiwanensis community in Tianzhu Mountain area. The results are as follows. The composition of the Pinus taiwanensis community is complicated in Tianzhu Mountain area,whose main compositions are Compositae,Fagaceae,Rosaceae,Pinaceae,Lauraceae, Ericaceae,Liliaceae,Poaceae and so on. The species composition of this flora has a dispersing composition. There are 105 genera in 52 families in this area, among which gymnosperm comprises 74 genera and 46 families. The flora composition contains nine distribution types of seed plants separated by the distribution areas. It also has obvious transition characteristics from north subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest to the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest. The floristic elements here are also complex. There are so many floristic elements here that the Shannon-Wiener indexes of tree layer,shrub layer,and the herbaceous layer are 1.9814,2.3175 and 2.1077 respectively. The community succession of Pinus taiwanensis which has various functions is in turn. But with the influence of human activities, the relative density and the degree of dominance of the trees layer were raised,but the index of diversity was declined. For its diverse species and obvious progressive succession characteristic,the Pinus taiwanensis community in Tianzhu Mountain has high value of conservation.