Comparison test and research progress of topographic correction on remotely sensed data
Received date: 2007-03-26
Revised date: 2007-10-08
Online published: 2008-03-25
Supported by
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (2006CB400502 )和中科院 "百人计划"择优支持项目(8-057493 )。
In remotely sensed image from rugged terrain the sunny surface shows more radiance than the expected and on the shady surface the effect is the opposite. That is to say, a high variation in the reflectance response for the same land use/land cover types is caused by the irregular shape of the terrain. Therefore, the removal of the topographic effect named topographic correction may be critical in areas of rugged terrain, as a preliminary step to the estimation of land surface parameters for Landsat ETM+ image. And then the concept and goal of topographic correction was briefly introduced and then various algorithms for topographic correction developed internationally were reviewed and summarized. Many researches have been carried out on topographic correction and many topographic correction algorithms have been put forward such as cosine correction, C correction, SCS correction, SCS+C correction, Minnaert correction etc. However, there is no clear consensus on methods that may be universally applicable. The main difficulty in applying topographic corrections is related to the lack of standard and generally accepted models. So a correction test was carried out in this study to compare 11 existing popular methods of topographic correction, including a new one named VECA developed by ourselves, and see how successfully they can be applied to Landsat-7 ETM+ image. The test site was selected on the relatively rugged terrain located on the southern piedmont of the Qinling Mountains. And then visual comparison and statistical analysis were adopted for feasible evaluation of the 11 topographic correction methods, and the results suggested that VECA correction, b correction, C correction, Teillet-regression correction, SCS+C correction Minnaert correction and Minnaert-SCS correction have good correction performance, however, the Cosine-T correction, Cosine-C correction,SCS correction and Cosine-b correction would overcorrect the shaded areas in image; and the VECA and b correction are the most capable ones for removing the topographic effects contained in ETM+ image among the 11 methods, compared with b correction, VECA was not only better in performance on topographic effects removal but also simple in theory and easy for operation. In the last section of this paper, the problems and difficulties existing in topographic correction were discussed, and the future hot points and research focuses were discussed.
GAO Yong-nian, ZHANG Wan-chang . Comparison test and research progress of topographic correction on remotely sensed data[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2008 , 27(2) : 467 -477 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2008020024
[1] Jensen J R. Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective.New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1996.
[2] 李英成. 数字遥感影像地形效应分析及校正.北京测绘,1994 ,(2): 14~19.
[3] Teillet P M, Guindon B, Goodenough D G. On the slope-aspect correction of multispectral scanner data.Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 1982, 8(2): 1537~1540.
[4] Civco D L. Topographic normalization of Landsat Thematic Mapper digital imagery. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 1989, 55(9): 1303~1309.
[5] Gu D, Gillespie A. Topographic normalization of Landsat TM images of forest based on subpixel sun-canopy-sensor geometry. Remote Sensing of Environment, 1998, 64: 166~175.
[6] Soenen S A, Peddle D R, Coburn C A. SCS+C: a modified sun-canopy-sensor topographic correction in forested terrain. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2005, 43(9): 2148~2159.
[7] Smith J A, Lin T L, Ranson K J. The Lambertian assumption and Landsat data. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 1980,46: 1183~1189.
[8] Reeder D H. Topographic correction of satellite images theory and application. Hanover, New Hampshire: Dartmouth College,2002.
[9] D M. Influence of topography on vegetation indexes of forested ecosystems. http://srtm.die.uni- fi.it/eng_vers/prog_6.htm, 2006.
[10] Holben B N, Justice C O. The topographic effect on spectral response from nadir-pointing sensors. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 1980, 46(9): 1191~1200.
[11] 张洪亮,倪绍祥,张军.国外遥感图像的地形归一化方法研究进展.遥感信息, 2001,(3):24~29.
[12] Meyer P, Itten K I, Kellenberger T, et al. Radiometric corrections of topographically induced effects on Landsat TM data in an alpine environment. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 1993,48(4): 17~28.
[13] Vincini M, Reeder D, Frazzi E. An empirical topographic normalization method for forest TM data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2002: 2091~2093.
[14] Vincini M, Frazzi E. Multitemporal evaluation of topographic normalization methods on deciduous forest TM data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2003, 40(11): 2586~2590.
[15] Dymond J R, Shepherd J D.Correction of the topographic effect in remote sensing. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1999,37(5): 2618~2620.
[16] Gao Y N, Zhang W C, Wang J, et al. Variable empirical coefficient algorithm for removal of topographic effects on remotely sensed data from rugged terrain. IGARSS2007, Baseluona, Spain, 23-27 July 2007.
[17] Zhang W C.Water resource and hydrological processes studies on the Urumqi river basin, Tianshan, China by means of remote sensing and GIS techniques (Ph.D.dissertation).Nagoya:Nagoya University,2000.
[18] Chen X F.Topographic normalization of TM imagery for rock classification in Pershing county, Nevada. http://www.geo.wvu.edu/geog755/spring98/12/intro.htm, 2006.
[19] 黄微,张良培,李平湘.一种改进的卫星影像地形校正算法.中国图象图形学报,2005, 10(9): 1124~1128.
[20] Dymond J R, Qi J. Reflection of visible light from a dense vegetation canopy: A physical model. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 1997,86(9): 143~155.
[21] Thomson A G, Johns C. Effects of topography on radiance from upland vegetation in North Wales.International Journal of Remote Sensing,1990, 11(5): 829~840.
[22] Lawa K H, Nichol J. Topographic correction for differential illumination effects on IKONOS satellite imagery. www.isprs.org/istanbul2004/comm3/papers/347.pdf, 2006.
[23] Ekstrand S.Landsat TM-based forest damage assessment: Correction for topographic effects. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 1996, 62(2): 151~161.
[24] Vincini M, Reeder D, Frazzi E. Seasonal Landsat TM data and topographic dependence in rugged deciduous forest areas. In : Analysis of Multi-temporal Remote Sensing Images. Singapore: World Scientific, 2002. 305~312.
[25] Pouch G W, et al. Hyperspherical direction cosine transformation for separation of spectral and illumination information in digital scanner data.Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 1990,56(4):475~479.
[26] 池宏康,周广胜,许振柱,等.表观反射率及其在植被遥感中的应用.植物生态学报,2005, 29(1):74~80.
[27] Vincini M, Reeder D. Seasonal changes of Minnaert topographic normalization constants in rugged deciduous. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2000,(4):1603~1605.
[28] Hay J E, McKay D C. Estimating solar irradiation on inclined surfaces: a review and assessment of methodologies. International Journal of Solar Energy, 1985, (3):203~240.
[29] Botanical institute. Vegetation and remote sensing: Radiometric correction. http://www.uib.no/bot/kurs/bb2- 09/correction.pdf,2002.
[30] Conese C, Gilabert M A, Maselli F, et al. Topographic normalization of TM scenes through the use of an atmospheric correction method and digital terrain models. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1993,59(12):1745~1753.
[31] 刘学军,卢华兴, 等.论DEM地形分析中的尺度问题.地理研究, 2007,26(3):433~442.
[32] 刘三超,张万昌.用TM影像和DEM获取黑河流域地表反射率和反照率.地理科学,2003,23(5):585~591.
[33] 夏学齐,田庆久,杜凤兰.遥感提取叶面积指数的地形影响分析.遥感信息, 2004,(2):16~37.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |