On structural properties of transnational urban network based on multinational enterprises network in China: As the case of link with South Korea
Received date: 2009-06-03
Revised date: 2010-06-16
Online published: 2010-09-20
Along with economic globalization and China putting the opening up policy in practice, more and more multinational enterprises entered or went out of China, and established their affiliates, for example, production factories and/or service offices. The multinational enterprises linked Chinese cities with foreign cities by their business network as they carried on their transnational operation. As a result, this transnational urban network was created and developed in China. This paper probed into structural character of transnational urban network of China with South Korea through examining the linkages of headquarters with affiliates of Chinese and South Korean multinational enterprises. The main result of the study can be summarized as follows. First, the urban network developed broadly, including 67 Chinese cities and 67 South Korean cities. Second, the urban network has the property of regional concentration, and network elements such as link bond, linked pair city, network node and node city were mainly concentrated in the Bohai Rim and Changjiang Delta region in China and capital region in South Korea. Third, the linkage density of linked pair city or node city shows the property similar to the rank size distribution, so Qingdao, Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin with Seoul have formed the main linked pair cities, and Qingdao, Tianjin, Shanghai and Beijing formed the main node cities. Fourth, the linkage density of linked pair city or node city has continually been adjusted, but it kept relatively stable as a whole in the range of higher hierarchy. Fifth, some node cities have been specialized and some have been incorporated in type of industry by multinational enterprises, the former as Beijing and Shanghai, the latter as Qingdao and Tianjin. Finally, the link bond has the property of vector, so the network node was divided into two types, one is source node, and the other is receptive node.
JIN Zhong-fan . On structural properties of transnational urban network based on multinational enterprises network in China: As the case of link with South Korea[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2010 , 29(9) : 1670 -1682 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2010090013
[1] Carter H. The Study of Urban Geography ( 4th ed.).London: Arnold, 1995.
[2] Hartshorn T A. Interpreting the City: an Urban Geography(2nded.).New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992.
[3] Knox P L, Tayler P J. World Cities in a World-System. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
[4] Taylor P. World City Network: A Global Urban Analysis. London: Routledge, 2004.
[5] Derudder B. On conceptual confusion in empirical analyses of a transnational urban network. Urban Studies, 2006, 43(11): 2027~2046.
[6] Friedmann J. World city hypothesis. Development and Change, 1986, 17(1): 69~83.
[7] Batten D F. Network cities: creative urban agglomerations for the 21st century. Urban Studies, 1995, 32(2): 313~327.
[8] Batten D. Network cities: Concepts and applications. The 16th Pacific Regional Science Conference, Seoul, 1999.
[9] Camagni R P, Salone C. Network urban structures in Northern Italy: Elements for a theoretical framework. Urban Studies, 1993, 30(6): 1053~1064.
[10] Ross C. The Urban System and Networks of Corporation Control. London: Jai Press, Inc., 1992.
[11] 松原宏. ァジァの都市システム. 富冈: 九州大学出版会, 1998.
[12] Bruinsma F, Rietveld P. Urban agglomerations in European infrastructure networks. Urban Studies, 1993, 30(6): 919~934.
[13] Guy S, Graham S, Marvin S. Splintering networks: Cities and technical networks in 1990s Britain. Urban Studies, 1997, 34(2): 191~216.
[14] Graham S. Global grids of glass: on global cities, telecommunications and planetary urban networks. Urban Studies, 1999, 36(5-6): 929~949.
[15] 顾朝林, 等. 中国城市地理. 北京: 商务印书馆, 1999.
[16] 周一星. 城市地理学. 北京: 商务印书馆, 1995.
[17] 程连生. 中国新城在城市网络中的地位分析. 地理学报, 1998, 53(6): 481~491.
[18] 郑伯红. 现代世界城市网络化模式研究. 上海: 华东师范大学博士学位论文, 2003.
[19] 陈彦光, 周一星. 基于三角点阵模型的自组织城市网络探讨. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 41(2): 258~264.
[20] 汪明峰, 宁越敏. 城市的网络优势——中国互联网骨干网络结构与节点可达性分析. 地理研究, 2006, 25(2): 193~203.
[21] 汪明峰. 浮现中的网络城市的网络——互联网对全球城市体系的影响. 城市规划, 2004, (8): 26~32.
[22] 周一星, 胡智勇. 从航空运输看中国城市体系的空间网络结构. 地理研究, 2002, 21(3): 276~286.
[23] 薛俊菲. 基于航空网络的中国城市体系等级结构与分布格局. 地理研究, 2008, 27(1): 23~33.
[24] 于涛方, 顾朝林, 李志刚. 1995 年以来中国城市体系格局与演变——基于航空流视角. 地理研究,2008,27(6):1407~1418.
[25] 王成金. 全球集装箱航运的空间组织网络. 地理研究,2008,27(3): 636~648.
[26] 汪明峰, 高丰. 网络的空间逻辑: 解释信息时代的世界城市体系变动. 国际城市规划, 2007, (2): 36~41.
[27] 甄峰, 刘晓霞, 刘慧. 信息技术影响下的区域城市网络: 城市研究的新方向. 人文地理, 2007, 94(2): 76~81.
[28] 陈存友, 刘厚良, 詹水芳. 世界城市网络作用力: 评Taylor 等人的相关研究. 国外城市规划, 2003, 18(2): 47~49.
[29] Murdoch J. Actor-network and the evolution of economic forms: Combining description and explanation in theories of regulation, flexible specialization, and networks. Environment and Planning A, 1995, 27(5): 731~757.
[30] Yeng H W.Critical reviews of geographical perspectives on business organizations and the organization of production: Towards a network approach. Progress in Human Geography, 1994, 18(4): 460~490.
[31] 郭铁民, 王永龙, 俞娜. 中国企业跨国经营. 北京: 中国发展出版社, 2002. 321.
[32] 国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2005, 2006.
[33] 王志乐. 走向世界的中国跨国企业. 北京: 中国商业出版社, 2004. 27~29.
[34] 中国商务年鉴编辑委员会. 中国商务年鉴. 北京: 商务出版社, 2005.
[35] 韩国进出口银行. 海外投资统计.首尔:韩国进出口银行,2007.
[36] 大韩贸易振兴公社. 海外进出韩国企业名录2005/2006 .首尔:大韩贸易振兴公社,2005.
[37] 产业资源部. 外国人投资情报.首尔:产业资源部,2007.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |