Study on water production function and efficiency of wheat
Received date: 2004-08-05
Revised date: 2004-11-15
Online published: 2005-02-15
Water is scarce in the North China Plain and the limited precipitation is not enough to satisfy the water requirement for wheat growth. In order to avoid reduction of output caused by scarcity of water, irrigation is necessary to supplement water. This paper discusses the relationship between the amount of irrigation and the yield of wheat. Statistical analysis of experimental data of irrigation indicates that the relationship between yield of wheat and irrigation presents a quadratic parabola in North China. We fit the model of wheat water production function by adopting least squares theory on the basis of field experimental data of wheat. Water production function is quadratic function and its math expression is Y=-0.0027ET 2+2.8647ET-127.91. Water productivity is divided into three different development stages according to the changing rule of water use efficiency and the relationship between yield and water consumption. Water consumtion being less than 217.66mm is identified as the first stage when yield rises with the rise of water consumption, and productivity rises gradually at this stage. Water consumption at the second stage rises from 217.66mm to 530.50mm and the yield still rises with the rise of water consumption, but the range of rise reduces. The productivity rises slowly.Water consumption at the third stage exceeds 530.50mm and the yield reduces with the rise of water consumption. Negative rise occurs and productivity declines. The analysis of wheat irrigation production function under typical irrigation system indicates that the best point of irrigation efficiency of wheat is not the highest point of utilization ratio of water or the highest point of yield. The best point of irrigation efficiency of wheat is decided by the principle that marginal revenue is equal to the marginal cost. When marginal benefit equals marginal cost, net income of irrigation of wheat is the biggest. The maximal net income is 4816.49 yuan/ha, and irrigation water is 265.00mm at this time. Compared with the irrigation of the maximal yield, it saves 17.85mm of water . Making rational use of wheat water irrigation production function and its regularity can realize the better unification of water-saving, high-yield and high-efficiency of wheat.
LIU Chang-ming, ZHUO Chang-qing, ZHANG Shi-feng, WANG Xiao-li . Study on water production function and efficiency of wheat[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2005 , 24(1) : 1 -10 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2005010001
[1] Zhang H,W ang X,You M,et a l1 W ater-yield relations and water2use efficiency of winter wheat in the North China Plain.Irrigation Science,1999,19(1):37～45.
[2] 王会肖,刘昌明.作物水分利用效率内涵及研究进展.水科学进展,2000,11(1):99～104.
[3] 程维新.作物生物学特性对耗水量的影响.地理研究,1985,4(3):24～34.
[4] 莫兴国.河北平原冬小麦产量和蒸散量模拟.地理研究,2004,23(5):623～631.
[5] RAJPUTGS,SINGHJ. W ater p roduction function for wheat under different environmental conditions1 Agricultural W aterManagement,1986,11:318～332.
[6] 袁小良,王会肖,张喜英,等.冬小麦产量与耗水量的关系.见:中国科学院台站网络《农作物耗水量研究》课题组.作物与水分关系研究.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992.10～17.
[7] 马忠明.有限灌溉条件下作物-水分关系的研究.干旱地区农业研究,1998,16(2):75～781
[8] 雷志栋,胡和平,杨诗秀,等.叶尔羌河灌区冬小麦灌溉试验与分析.灌溉排水,1999,18(2):30～33.
[9] 杨路华,夏辉,侯振军,等.河北平原冬小麦三种水分生产函数的试验比较1河北农业大学学报,2003,26:5～8.
[10] 王修贵,张祖莲,赵长友,等.物产量对水分亏缺敏感性指标的初步研究.灌溉排水,1998,17(2):25～30.
[11] 陈亚新.作物-水模型及其敏感指标的确认1灌溉排水,1995,14(4):1～61
[12] 葛岩,周林蕻,张更元,等.沈阳地区冬小麦水分生产函数与水分敏感指标的初步研究.沈阳农业大学学报,2003,34(2):131～134.
[13] 彭永生,苏里坦1全生育期作物水分生产函数的建立1干旱区资源与环境,2003,17(4):122～124.
[14] W ang Huixiao,Zhang Lu,Dawes W R,et al1 Imp roving water use efficiency of irrigated crop s in the North China Plainmeasurements and modeling. AgriculturalW aterManagement,2001,48:151～167.
[15] Zhang H,Oweis T. W ater2yield relations and op timal irrigation scheduling of wheat in the Mediterranean region1 Agricultural W ater Management,1999,38:295～311.
[16] Zhang H,Oweis T,Garabet S,et a l1 W ater2use efficiency and transp iration efficiency of wheat under rain2fed conditionsand supp lemental irrigation in a Mediterranean2type environment. Plant Soil,1998,201:295～305.
[17] 李会昌,沈荣开,张瑜芳.作物水分生产函数动态产量模型———Feddes模型初探.灌溉排水,1997,16(4):1～5.
[18] 王智勇,王劲峰,于静洁,等1河北省平原地区水资源利用的边际效益分析1地理学报,2000,55(3):318～3281
[19] 张巨俭,郭忠.干旱地区灌溉生产函数与经济用水灌溉定额的确定方法探讨.中国沙漠,1995,15(4):362～367.
[20] 陈玉民,郭国双,王广兴,等1中国主要作物需水量与灌溉.北京:水利电力出版社,1995.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |