Analysis of rainfall-runoff in Xiaohua tor-forest district of the Yellow River Basin
Received date: 2003-04-27
Revised date: 2003-08-25
Online published: 2004-04-15
Research of runoff generation and routing mechanism is the foundation of hydrological simulations. Further analysis based on hydrological data is an effective means. Lushi basin (4623km 2) located above Luohe in the middle Yellow River is a typical tor-forest area. Its runoff generation and routing characteristics are different from the others’. To further research the asymmetry of precipitation spatial distribution, the following three indexes can be used: dispersion coefficient of basin precipitation (C V), asymmetry coefficient of basin precipitation (η),and ratio of the maximum and the minimum precipitation in basin area (α).To separate runoff components and show changes of air temperature, evaporation, precipitation,runoff and rainfall-runoff coefficient, a hydrograph recession curve displacement method and mass departure method were respectively used. The analysis of the selected 43 rainfall-runoff data from 1971 to 2000 revealed that the region's rainfall spatial distribution is very asymmetric with the existence of a distinctive a storm center; its mean dispersion coefficient of basin precipitation (C V) is 0.51, mean asymmetry coefficient of basin precipitation (η) 0.53 and mean ratio of the maximum and the minimum precipitation in basin area (α) 16.06. Its routing mechanism and modes are very complicated, including over-infiltration and over-fall patterns.The annual direct flow accounts for 74.7% of the total, routing time is 18.0h and lag time 13.7h. An in-depth analysis of routing characteristics on the variational conditions resulted in important conclusions : changes of annual runoff yield and rainfall-runoff coefficient were resulted from rainfall characteristics; changes of underlying surface and human activities did not cause prominent effect on the relation of rainfall-runoff; while to flood, biological protection and water and soil conservation measures increased the cover degree of vegetation and forest, improved interception and soil fixation abiligy, reduced runoff generation capacity and improved the correlation of flood-runoff in the study area, to a certain extent.
HAO Fang-hua, YANG Gui-lian, WU Xian-feng, LIU Chang-ming, LIU Xiao-wei . Analysis of rainfall-runoff in Xiaohua tor-forest district of the Yellow River Basin[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2004 , 23(2) : 165 -174 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2004020004
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