Globalclimate change and increasing intensity of anthropogenic activity are the main restricting factors to the development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid area. Gray relation model was applied to analyzethe main factors of wind erosion and land desertificationin Zhangbei County of Hebei Province in interlock area of farming and pasturing.Climate change and anthropogenic activities are the main factors influencing wind erosion and landdesertification. Climate change factors include monthly mean temperature and rainfall and annual mean temperature and rainfall.Factors of anthropogenic activities include population increase rate, per capital income, change of grassland and cultivated land area, the research result indicates: Wind erosion and landdesertificationare related to changing climate in interlock area of farming and pasturing of northern China, such as mean temperature and its precipitation in winter. There is no distinctiverelationship between the annual mean temperature and its precipitation. Population growth is a social factor and also a very important factor influencing agricultural production. Anthropogenic activity could intensify or mitigate wind erosion and land desertification on the background of mean temperature and precipitation changes in winter. According to changes in mean temperature and rainfall in winter, agricultural production framework and way of production can be adjusted properly by human beings in their production process. If precipitation decreased and temperature rose in winter, cultivated land area must be reduced next year. Stock raising or other ways of production should be increased. On the other hand, if the precipitation increased and temperature fell in winter, cultivated land area could be enlarged, because the soils have enough water and are suitable to be cultivated. Adjustment of agricultural production structure according to changes in mean temperature and precipitation in winter can mitigate wind erosion and land desertification and guarantee sustainable agricultural development