Spatial pattern and evolution of oases in the Yanqi Basin,Xinjiang
Received date: 2005-06-20
Revised date: 2005-12-05
Online published: 2006-04-15
The Bosten Lake,located in the Yanqi Basin,is the largest freshwater lake in China.It is not only the end of the Kaidu River,but also the headstream of the Peacock River,supplying water to the Tarim River and the Tarim Oil Field Base so far. Studies in the past usually focused on the change of water surface and water quality of the lake,seldom on the landscape pattern of the Yanqi Basin using integrated synthetic methods.The landscape pattern and its dynamics of the Basin directly control the distribution and dynamic changes of substance,energy and species,so study of the landscape pattern and its dynamics is necessary. By overlapping and extracting functions with GIS,two conversional matrixes of landscape in the Yanqi Basin were built.Based on two transitional matrixes of landscape,the landscape pattern and dynamics of the Yanqi Basin were analyzed.The results show that after 40 years land reclamation,the artificial oasis presented a trend of expansion in the Yanqi Basin.It is clearly discernible that farmland expanded to the fringe of the transitional zone between farmland and the natural oasis;the model of transition of farmland is from grassland to halophyte hungriness to xenophiles' hungriness,an indication of the process of reclamation of farmland from easy to difficult,i.e.,the constant shrinkage of the natural oasis and the expansion of the artificial oasis.The development of oasis is associatied with the distribution of water resources,when water resource is short,the process of desertification occurs,contrariwise,the process of salinization occurs.Because of the irrational use of the land and water resources,apparent ecological degeneration occurs in the lake water,peripheries of the lake and the oasis farmland in the Basin.For future sustainable development in the Yanqi Basin,attention should be paid to the ecosystem balance between artificial oasis and natural oasis.The management of the oasis eco-environment depends to a greater extent on the regulation of water resources and the rational use of land.
ZHANG Jun, ZHOU Cheng-hu, LI Jian-xin . Spatial pattern and evolution of oases in the Yanqi Basin,Xinjiang[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2006 , 25(2) : 350 -358 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2006020020
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