Coal resources have played an important role in social and economic development, at the same time, the ecosystem has been seriously affected by the exploitation in the coal mining area. Due to the inherent characteristic of time duration, spatial expansion and strong interference of coal exploitation, ecological cumulative effects have been caused remarkably and many ecological problems emerged including surface subsidence, vegetation degeneration, gangue stack, ground water resource withered and farming productive dropping etc. Based on the theory of cumulative effects and the principles of landscape analysis, ecological cumulative effects induced by coal exploitation are discussed in the paper. The concept of landscape ecological baseline value is proposed, and landscape spatial cumulative burdened index model is constructed using the landscape structure cumulative index, landscape disturbance cumulative and landscape ecological sensitivity degradation cumulative index. Taking Lu'an mining area as a case study, landscape ecological cumulative effect was calculated based on landscape analysis. Results show the cumulative load of mining landscape presents a significant increasing trend during the 13-year period (1993-2006). In terms of the intensity of human activities, different subareas have different accumulation levels, and since 2000, increased human disturbance has made cumulative degree change greater than before.