In this paper, based on historical document and research of administrative history, a group of proxy indexes are selected to describe the spatio-temporal pattern of agricultural development in the Eastern Inner Mongolia (EIM) during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). In comparison of these reconstructed proxy series with local agro-climatic resources (temperature and precipitation) and historical climate change (temperature) in the corresponding period, some results are obtained as follows. (1) Agricultural development in the EIM during 1644-1911 was mostly concentrated in the area with annual accumulated temperature (≥10℃) ≥2500℃ and annual precipitation ≥400 mm; (2) Regions with better climate conditions were reclaimed earlier with a higher density of agricultural settlements compared with poorer ones. (3) Most of the sites that had bumper harvest and the main output regions in grain production were distributed in Chengde and its surrounding areas with the best climate condition in the EIM. (4) Agriculture developed more prosperously in warmer 18th century than in colder 17th and 19th centuries, with more active agricultural migration, northerner agricultural settlements into pastoral region, and almost all the records about bumper harvest grained output.
XIAO Ling-bo, FANG Xiu-qi, YE Yu
. Agricultural development in Eastern Inner Mongolia and its climatic background during 1644-1911[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2011
, 30(10)
: 1775
-1782
.
DOI: 10.11821/yj2011100004
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