With the acceleration of urbanization,the evolution of the urban systems tends to be more complicated.Working on a major database of regional non-agricultural population,built-up land acreage of cities and counties in Jiangsu over 1996-2008,the study uses methods of rank-size rule,law of allometric growth and its multi-fractal property to analyze the fractal feature of city-size distribution,structural capacity,index scale and degeneration of population-area allometric growth.The results indicate that urban system of Jiangsu Province is now in good gear,its rank-size structure is experiencing a mutation from centralization to decentralization,large and medium-sized cities are the main supporting space for urbanization process.The allometric growth relationship between land and population is in trends of degeneration at provincial level,which turns negative to positive after 2001.Scale factors of allometric growth of Nanjing,Suzhou and Xuzhou have a mark significantly higher than those of other cities,indicating a faster spatial expansion compared with population growth in these cities.In the meantime,relationship between land and population needs further discussion.Complex patterns resulting from evolution of the urban system make higher demands for developing a new-type urbanization with its own characteristics in Jiangsu.