高学历人才逆向梯次迁移现象及机制研究——以北上广深应聘至武汉的中小学教师为例

高喆, 邱嘉怡, 余家怡, 李昱霄, 敖荣军

Research on trend and mechanism of highly educated population migrating down to urban hierarchy: Taking the candidates from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen for the primary and middle school teachers in Wuhan as an example

GAO Zhe, QIU Jiayi, YU Jiayi, LI Yuxiao, AO Rongjun

图1 高学历人才跨城市等级迁移（以武汉为目的地） 注：①跨省城际迁移意愿占比流（100%）=逆向梯次迁移(24.07%)+新一线城市内部水平迁移（22.37%）+二、三、四、五线城市梯次迁移（19.41%+21.34%+7.30%+3.30%）+海外归国人才迁移（2.21%）;②一线城市逆向梯次迁移意愿占比流（100%）=北京（32.10%）+上海（20.35%）+广州（19.57%）+深圳（27.98%）逆向梯次迁移至武汉;③由于海外归国人才占跨省城际迁移群体比例较低（2.21%），图中未显示。

Fig. 1 Migration of highly educated population up and down the urban hierarchy (with Wuhan as the destination)