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  • 2013 Volume 32 Issue 3
    Published: 10 March 2013
      
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  • Article
    The contributions of climate change and human activities to the runoff yield changes in the middle Yellow River Basin
    WANG Suiji, LI Ling, YAN Ming
    2013, 32(3): 395-402. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030001
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    The runoff yield in the middle Yellow River Basin has shown an evident decreasing trend during the last decades.The proportion of contributions of climate and human activities to the runoff yield change in the study area is still in dispute.In this paper,the variation trend of the annual runoff yield in the study area during the last 60 years were studied using the method of cumulative anomaly,and two turning years,1971 and 1985,were identified.The method of slope change ratio of cumulative quantity(SCRCQ) was adopted in estimation of the contributions of climate change and human activities to the runoff yield change in the study area.The results showed that without regard to the influence of evapotranspiration in the area the contributions of climate change and human activities to the runoff yield change were 25.94% and 74.06% in the period 1971-1985(TB),and 25.13% and 74.87% in the period 1986-2009(TC),respectively,compared with the base period 1950-1970(TA).Under the conditions of regarding to the influence of evapotranspiration in the area,the contributions of human activities to the runoff yield change were 91.74% and 93.41%,respectively during the time periods of TB and TC.Obviously,the human activities were the dominant factor influencing the runoff yield changes in the study area.The main modes of human activities influencing the runoff yield change in the middle Yellow River Basin were interception of runoff by a series of check-dams and other soil and water conservation measures.The intercepted water was mostly participated in the atmospheric cycle by evapotranspiration,indicating that human activities altered the cycle route of part of water in the middle Yellow River Basin.
  • Article
    Spatial distribution of snail and schistosomiasis and its relationship with the water environment quality in Dongting Lake region
    LI Zhongwu, ZHANG Yan, CUI Ming, ZHOU Jinxing, SHI Lin, GUO Liang, YUAN Min, ZHANG Yan
    2013, 32(3): 403-412. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030002
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    Through the use of spatial analysis module of geographic information system(GIS),the paper aimed to characterize the spatial distribution of snail intermediate host and schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake region and analyse the relationship between the distribution of the snail host and schistosomiasis.Furthermore,the paper explores the relationship between the distribution of snail and schistosomiasis and water quality based on the evaluation of the nutrition state of the Dongting Lake.The result indicated that the spatial distribution of snail and schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake region showed substantial heterogeneities-infections of humans and snails were lower in Nanxian County of Yiyang city and its surrounding regions and Wangcheng County of Changsha city;whereas in Linxiang and Xiangyin counties of Yueyang City,human infection,snail and cattle infections showed a negative correlation.No significant correlation was found between snail and human schistosomiasis infections at each monitoring site.The study found that the eutrophication level in water of Dongting Lake was favorable to survival of snails,which may complicate the efforts to control the snail intermediate host.
  • Article
    Effect of topography heterogeneity on distribution of soil fauna in Songnen grassland
    XIN Weidong, YIN Xiuqin, SONG Bo
    2013, 32(3): 413-420. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030003
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    Distribution of soil fauna was affected by several factors in Songnen grassland,such as topography,soil,vegetation,climate,sampling time and so on.Results showed that there were significant effects of topography on soil fauna in forest ecosystem,but we still do not know the effect of topography heterogeneity on distribution of soil fauna in grassland ecosystem.Five habitats of fixed dune and steppe in Songnen grassland were chosen to investigate soil fauna community characteristics for one year.In this study,we analyzed the characteristics of ecological distribution and biodiversity of soil fauna and measured the interaction of topography heterogeneity and time on distribution of soil fauna by ANOVA for repeated measures.Results showed that the average density of soil fauna was 5144.62 ind·m-2 during research and soil fauna belong to four phyla,eight classes,and 24 groups.Arid and semi-arid regional characteristics of fauna have been shown in species composition of soil fauna.Coleoptera and Orthoptera are the typical fauna in this region.There were significant differences among five habitats in species composition and number of soil fauna.But there are no differences in group composition and number of total soil fauna with time.There were significant differences of dynamics of soil fauna diversity index among habitats.Three habitats in fixed dune with similar diversity index showed significant difference in two habitats in steppe with similar diversity index,and suggested the effects of topography heterogeneity on diversity index of soil fauna.Results of ANOVA showed that there were significant effects of time and topography heterogeneity on characteristics of quantity and diversity of soil fauna community,but the interaction of time and topography heterogeneity on soil fauna community was not always significant.Therefore,topography heterogeneity had significant effects on distribution of soil fauna in Songnen grassland,which may be related to biotic and abiotic characteristics of habitats.
  • Article
    Spatial variation of soil heavy metals in the beach of Lower Yellow River：A case study in Kaifeng Section
    ZHANG Pengyan, QIN Mingzhou, Yan Jianghong, YANG Lin, LI Jin, SUN Chao, CHEN Long
    2013, 32(3): 421-430. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030004
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    In this paper we collected 48 soil samples in the surface levels of soil from 0-20 cm inside and outside the Yellow River beach in Kaifeng City.Based on the standard analysis methods of soil chemical composition,five heavy metals contents,including Lead(Pb),Chromium(Cr),Mercury(Hg),Arsenic(As) and Cadmium(Cd) in soil are analyzed.Three different models of single-factor pollution index,Ordinary Kriging and correlation analysis are adapted respectively,to quantificationally study soil heavy metals contents,and also to calculate their pollutants and the spatial distribution in the study area.Eventually we obtain the following results.(1) In terms of the average content level of the five heavy metals,the average content of Cr is the highest,while those of Pb and Hg are the lowest.However,the spatial variation analysis used by the coefficients of variation demonstrated that the spatial variety of Hg content is the largest for its large variety coefficient,and the other 4 heavy metals(Pb,Cr,As and Cd) are at the similar medium levels(0.13-0.28).(2) There is a strong linear relationship between the heavy metal Pb,Cr,Hg,As,and Cd,which implies that the 5 soil heavy metals may have a same origin of the Yellow River sediment and water input.(3) The main pollution elements are Hg,As and Pb,among them,the pollution degree of Pb is moderate and its pollution range is relatively wide;As and Hg are at the third level of light pollution degree.Both Cr and Cd contents,which have not been polluted,have little difference from village to village.Cd content is at a very low level without pollutant accumulation.(4) The spatial distribution of soil heavy metals is significantly different from the upper to lower beach within the study area.The upper beach soil is relatively clean,and the middle beach is lightly polluted;while the lower beach soil shows a significant concentration of heavy metals.
  • Article
    Identification and classification program of the bearing body of the natural hazards
    WANG Chengjin, JIN Fengjun, HE Dan
    2013, 32(3): 431-440. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030005
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    The study of the hazard-bearing body is the basic research for the risk assessment of the natural disasters.In particular,its classification technology and program are of great significance to prevent and reduce the disaster.The hazard-bearing body means the various objects which have close relationship with the human to confront the natural disaster and loss,including not only the physical objects of economy and assets and non-physical objects of the social-culture,but also the ecology and resources objects related closely with human living environment.We consider the physical assets should focus on the specialty of private,and the hazard-bearing body should contain the industrial,agricultural production and other economic activities.Furthermore,the resources and environment which are of great significance to the people's living and development should be contained in the hazard-bearing body.Based on the clarification on these key problems,we propose four fundamental principles to identify and classify the hazard-bearing body,which consider that the immovable property is the core and that the movable property is the supplementary.Then,based on the differentiation of the statistical method,function,basic property and manifestation,we designed the four-grade classification system of the hazard-bearing body,including cluster,item,type and manifestation of the hazard-bearing body.According to this classification system,we identified all the hazard-bearing bodies into 7 clusters,19 items,59 types and many manifestations,which formed the classification program of the hazard-bearing body.Finally,we analyzed the relationship between the type of hazard-bearing body and the type of natural disaster and influence form.The research results in this paper establish the foundation to investigate the hazard-bearing bodies and estimate their vulnerability,and provide the guidance to carry out the work to prevent and reduce natural disasters.However,the analysis of the classification of hazard-bearing body in this paper is still rough.In particular,there are so many hazard-bearing bodies and maybe some of them could not be involved into the discussion in this paper.Analysis of this paper also shows that more detailed research on this topic should be presented.
  • Article
    The collection and management of space-time data of individual behavior based on location-based technologies：A case study of activity-travel survey in Beijing
    CHAI Yanwei, SHEN Yue, MA Xiujun, ZHAO Ying
    2013, 32(3): 441-451. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030006
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    The space-time data of individual behavior is one of the most important quantitative foundations of modeling and analyzing in the research of human geography,transportation and urban planning.The development of location-based technologies as well as information and communication technologies(ICT) makes accurate space-time data collection more feasible and affordable.Some unique conditions in China during the transition make it possible to obtain more detailed and reliable data.This study compares individual behavior survey methods and applications based on traditional questionnaires with those based on location-based technologies.It further explores the collection and management of individual space-time data,using the seven-day activity-travel survey in 2010 Beijing as the dataset.The survey methods contain location-aware devices which are a combination of GPS and GSM,interactive survey website including activity diary filling interface for respondents and monitor interface for administrators,and interview on telephone and face to face.Respondents' socio-economic characteristics,one-week space-time trajectories and activity-travel diaries are included in the database.Moreover,the study demonstrates the data problems that were met such as data noise,data loss,problems associated with the algorithm.We attempt to offer theory,method and application experiences of highly accurate data collection and management to research on urban activity-travel system.
  • Article
    Exploration into urban street closeness centrality and its application methods：A case study of Qingdao
    WANG Yaoli, GAO Song, LIU Yu
    2013, 32(3): 452-464. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030007
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    Using Qingdao as a case study and mainly focusing on methodology,this paper investigates the geographic implication,advantages,and disadvantages of global and local street network closeness centrality.The global closeness centrality(GCC) can reflect the distance to the centroid of a network,and indicate the importance of a location on a global scale.Meanwhile,the local closeness centrality(LCC) can be used to find the mass center of relatively small ranges,which is corresponding to the street network density.Further study finds that the kernel density estimation(KDE) of closeness centrality combines both the distance to the centroid on the whole and the street density on a local scale,and thus shows a stronger potential to represent urban struture,such as the human activity intensity of a city.This research introduces mobile phone Erlang value,an indicator of communication intensity,to estimate human activity intensity and uses it to examine the geographical impification of KDE closeness centrality.We find that the KDE of global closeness centrality(GCC-KDE) has the strongest positive correlation with human activity distribution,since GCC-KDE takes into account both the distance to the mass center of a network and the local street denstiy,and thus it can be a protential indicator of socio-economic phenomenon correlated with street density.
  • Article
    Spatial pattern and location decision of chain supermarkets within large cities：A case study of Suguo supermarkets in Nanjing
    XIAO Chen, CHEN Wen, YUAN Feng, CHENG Shaobo
    2013, 32(3): 465-475. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030008
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    Chain supermarkets have been main formats of retail business within large cities of China.Current studies pay little attention to spatial distribution of chain supermarkets on the scale of internal city.Taking Suguo supermarkets in Nanjing as an example,this paper focuses on spatial pattern evolution,agglomeration,and location decisions of different types of supermarkets using research methods including point pattern analysis,space density analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis.The results show that Suguo supermarkets present an inverted-U-shaped pattern with the mode of extending to the surrounding area around the core of the downtown area.Different types of supermarkets present different distribution characteristics.Resource stores are relatively disperse while community and convenience stores are relatively concentrated.The spatial distribution of hot spots shows a mixed mode of spreading diffusion within the main city and hierarchical diffusion from the main city to the suburbs.Using binary logistic regression to analyze the factors that influence the location decision of supermarkets,we find that a variety of factors including economic development,scale of consumers,transport accessibility,purchasing power of residents,urban-rural divide and corporate strategy formed the spatial distribution pattern of Suguo supermarkets in Nanjing jointly through a comprehensive mechanism.
  • Article
    Spatial Multi-criteria Decision Making for House Location Selection by Ordered Weighted Averaging Approach
    HU Zhuowei, LIU Xiaoxu, PENG Cheng, WEI Lai
    2013, 32(3): 476-486. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030009
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    The house location selection is a complicated process in living space selection,in fact it is a personal living space decision.On the basis of in-site investigation,this paper builds an evaluation factor system in housing stability,including business service,road service,education service,and medical service.By using improved evaluation algorithm for Services Accessibility based on Gravity Model,the criterion thematic maps in housing stability were complied.AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) approach was applied to extract the information of individual needs and preferences to create the individual criterion weight scheme.OWA method was used to aggregate individual criterion weight and ordered weight into individual criterion thematic map in housing stability.In the individual constraint conditions,this approach can present a decision-making reference to the public by thematic maps.Finally,this paper discusses the effects of decision-making risk and presents the applicability of OWA in house-buying based on individual characterization.
  • Article
    GIS-based spatial analysis of Zhuang place names in Guangxi, China
    WANG Fahui, WANG Guanxiong, LI Xiaojuan
    2013, 32(3): 487-496. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030010
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    This research is part of an ongoing larger project on the historical origins of the Tai in southern China and Southeast Asia.The Zhuang language is one of many languages in the Tai language family.By deciphering the authoritative toponymical dictionary series of China,this study,as its foremost purpose,has constructed a GIS database of place names in Guangxi at the township,county,and prefecture levels.Toponyms are classified as Zhuang and non-Zhuang with some(wherever available) marked with the eras when they were first recorded.Geo-visualization techniques help us display the fact that the highest concentrations of Zhuang toponyms are in the southwest Twin-Rivers Basin and the western mountainous area,and that they decline gradually towards the east.Various regression models reveal that places with Zhuang toponyms tend to be located on higher ground with a steeper slope.They are less likely to be found in locations with paddy or irrigated land.They are more remote from major transport routes and major cities.Analysis of the limited number of toponyms with time designations reveals that the Zhuang toponyms on the contemporary map are older in the west but younger in the east.We speculate that in eastern Guangxi,with larger Han settlements for a longer period,older Zhuang toponyms were likely to be obliterated,and only younger Zhuang toponyms in more remote pockets of Zhuang settlements have been preserved.The centroids of Zhuang and non-Zhuang toponyms converge towards the center of Guangxi over time,indicating narrowing difference in their spatial distribution patterns and reflecting the impact of an increasingly integrated Sino-Zhuang settlement pattern.
  • Article
    The influencing factors of manufacturing firm migration and its impact on development-optimized region：A case study of Dongguan city of Guangdong province in China
    LIANG Yutian, FAN Jie, LIU Lin, ZHANG Youkun, CHEN Xiaoliang
    2013, 32(3): 497-506. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030011
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    Major Function-Oriented Zone Planning(MFOZ Planning) has been a strategic concern in the field of territorial development in China.In the planning,orientations of development are designed for four types of major functions,one of which is the development-optimized region.In these areas,their main orientation in the future development is industrial adjustment and upgrade,such as improving the regional ability of innovation and developing new green industries with high technology and added value.Manufacturing firm migration in these areas contains both immigration and emigration at the same time.This article takes Dongguan city in Guangdong Province as an example to analyze the mechanism of manufacturing firms in the development-optimized region.Based on the semi-structured depth interviews and questionnaire method with local authorities,industrial associations and entrepreneurs,the article demonstrates the result(s) as follow(s): Firstly,labor-intensive firm emigrations and the capital and technology-intensive firm immigration coexist at the same time.Secondly,labor-intensive firm emigration can be attributed to the factors such as rise in costs,environmental regulations,regional dependence and gaming between different local governments.Thirdly,capital and technology-intensive firm immigration can be attributed to the factors such as industrial base,regional innovation,industrial policy and soft environment.Firm migration to some extent improves the industrial adjustment and upgrade,and it will also restructure the territorial space pattern.The ecology-production-living space between the proportional relationships will also change with labor-intensive industries dispersion and capital and technology-intensive industry agglomeration.The development-optimized region will improve the quality of land space.
  • Article
    Evolution of the coupling relationship between regional development strength and resource environment level in China
    LIU Yan-jun, LIU Jing, HE Cui, FENG Yuan
    2013, 32(3): 507-517. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030012
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    This paper mainly studied the coupling relationship between regional development strength and resource environment level.On the basis of analyzing the evolution law of the interaction of regional development strength and resource environment level,the authors researched quantitatively the coupling degree and response degree of regional development strength and resource environment level in China from 1995 to 2009.The results are as follows.In the past 15 years,regional development strength in China increased continuously while the resource environment level decreased in a small amplitude,the coordination degree of the two showed a slightly slow downward trend,but the overall coordination level was relatively high.The coupling degree of regional development strength and resource environment level presented a growth trend year by year,which indicates the coupling degree between them increased continuously and would be further strengthened in the future.In the past 15 years,the enhanced regional development strength in China had a stress effect on the evolution of resource environment level,which has led to the decrease of the overall level of recourse environment.But the general stress degree gradually decreased,indicating that there was a certain correspondence and continuity between the growth of China's regional development strength and its impact on the changes of the level of resources and the environment.Promotion of regional development efficiency,perfection of resourceenvironment rules and policy,optimization of the economic structure,enhancement of GDP output of per unit energy consumption and increase of environmental inputs had great effect on the decrease of stress degree,and promotion of regional development efficiency is the main factor.
  • Article
    Informal ties in industrial cluster and its impact on technological innovation：A case study of household appliance cluster in Shunde
    LIU Wei, LI Xun, OU Qiaoshan
    2013, 32(3): 518-530. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030013
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    Many case studies of industrial clusters indicate that the technological exchange and cooperation among the firms based on all kinds of formal and informal ties constitute the basis of technological innovation of firms in the industrial cluster.Most of the studies from economics,management and organization sociology mainly focus on formal ties of innovation such as research consortia,strategic alliances,technology license.However,research on informal ties of innovation like spin-offs and talent mobility has been neglected for a long time.Based on literature review of studies on informal ties in economic geography,this paper proposes an analytical framework of industrial cluster,informal ties and technological innovation.On the ground of questionnaire survey and in-depth interview with 30 firms of household appliance cluster of Shunde,this paper summarizes three types of informal ties in industrial cluster: informal ties based on spin-offs,informal ties based on talent mobility,informal ties based on trust by long-time cooperation.Furthermore,we find that the informal ties are actually a kind of social networks based on trust and reciprocity,and a convenient way for local firms to exchange technical information and knowledge or get technological help from each other.In addition,the impact of different types of informal ties on technological innovation of firms in the household appliance cluster of Shunde is different.The impact of informal ties based on spin-offs and informal ties based on talent mobility on technological innovation of firms are mainly reflected by technological information and knowledge transfer,but there is still a difference between them.The impact of informal ties based on trust by long-time cooperation on technological innovation of firms is to urge the firms in cooperation to form a common understanding and awareness of technological innovation,which could greatly increase the successful opportunities of technological innovation and cooperation.
  • Article
    The impact of ecological compensation on the farmers’livelihood：A case study of Huanghe River Water Supply Areas of Gannan
    ZHAO Xueyan, ZHANG Li, JIANG Jinde, HOU Chengcheng
    2013, 32(3): 531-542. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030014
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    The impact of ecological compensation on the farmers' livelihood has closely tied with the project sustainability and social fairness.Therefore,it has been a hot topic in research on ecological compensation in recent years.Taking the case of the project of returning grazing land to protected grassland in the Huanghe River Water Supply Areas of Gannan,based on the sustainable livelihood framework,this paper establishes an assessment model to assess the influence of farmers' livelihood caused by the ecological compensation program.The farmers' livelihood capitals and living activities are calculated according to survey information on the farmer households.In the end,advices are given to establish various and differentiated compensation ways to guarantee farmers' livelihood.The results show that: After the implementation of the ecological compensation programs,the total livelihood capital of farmers is increased,including the human capital,physical capital,financial capital and social capital.But the change amplitude of livelihood capital is different among in the pasture area,the farming-pastoral area and the farming area,which were 0.264,0.344 and 0.313,respectively.In the pasture area,the largest increase is the physical capital while the human capital and social capital are slightly increased;In the farming-pastoral area,the largest increase is financial capital,followed by physical capital and social capital,but the nature capital is decreased.In the farming area,the largest increase is human capital and social capital,followed by physical capital and financial capital.After ecological compensation,the livelihood activities of farmers have changed from the agricultural and animal husbandry to the non-farming mode.In the pasture area,farmers' business activities are growing at a high speed and the second choic is working-out,with the growth rates of 13.46% and 11.53% respectively;while in the farming-pastoral area and farming area,there is a large increase in working-out,and some farmers choose to do odd jobs.Meanwhile,the growth rate of working-out is higher in the farming-pastoral area than that in the farming area,with 47.22% and 34.49% respectively;while the growth rate of doing odd jobs is lower in the farming-pastoral area than that in the farming area,being 13.89% and 24.13% respectively.After the ecological compensation,farmers' livelihood activities tend to be diverse.The growth amplitudes of the farmers' livelihood diversity index in the farming area(1.17) are higher than those in the farming-pastoral area(0.81) and in the pasture area(0.57).The proportion of taking up a single living-way has been decreasing in these three areas,being 31.03%,22.23% and 19.23% respectively.At the same time,the proportion of taking up multi-living-way has been rising in the three areas,and in the farming area and the farming-pastoral area does make a relatively large and fast growth with 17.24% and 22.22% respectively.
  • Article
    Beijing industrial network structural features and moderating effect
    WANG Maojun, CHAI Qing
    2013, 32(3): 543-555. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030015
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    The analysis of influencing factors on economic growth is an attractive scientific issue.Capital,labor power,technology or knowledge,principle and space have gradually become the analytic factors.These factors are causally related with economic output.The sectors in national economy construct the regional economic system.Each sector takes the other outputs as production factors,and supplies its own output for other sectors.The complicated demand-supply relationship integrated all sectors in national economy into an interdependent organization through the technical economy relation.Under the restriction of industrial network,various economic activities are accelerating the regional economic growth.If the sectors are regarded as nodes,and transaction activities as links,these factors could turn the demand-supply system into a complicated network.That is a new angle to research regional economic growth from industrial network.This paper maintains that both of the scale of input factors and industry are related to the structural characteristics of industrial networks,and emphasizes that it is necessary to bring these structural characteristics into the explanation framework of industrial output change.In order to do research on the essential features of industrial networks,we use the input-output tables of 42 industrial sectors in Beijing(2005) to set up a network based on industrial exchange link.And then,we discuss the efficiency of industrial networks in industrial development based on regression via moderator.It is found that: first,the specific connections in economy and technology between different industries make less industrial transaction links,and lead to the low cluster coefficient.Second,different industries have different numbers of supply-demand market.There are relatively few industrial sectors that have many supply and demand markets in Beijing's industrial network in 2005.Third,the structure parameters of the industrial network can be divided into two categories according to the influences on the industrial scale.One is the explanatory variable such as betweenness centrality.The other is the half moderator,which put emphasis on the causality between labor input,fixed assets investments and industrial scale.Meanwhile,the half moderators also have explanation function on industrial scale.
  • Article
    Research on evolutionary mechanism and optimization of tourism brand of Hangzhou City
    LU Lin, ZHU Shenlian, LIU Manman
    2013, 32(3): 556-569. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030016
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    Based on the analysis of the blogs by tourists from Hangzhou,this paper made a thorough inquiry into the current situation of the current situation of tourist brand building in Hangzhou,its evolution process as well as its features during times.Before 1980,it was in the period of natural development(the Earthly paradise period).From then to 2000,it was in the period under the guidance of the administration(the urban paradise period).Since 2001,it has entered a stage when receiving special cultivation(the high quality recreation period).Such driving forces as tourism resources development,changes in market demand,policy planning guide,tourist facilities and transportation construction,tourism industrial structure upgrading motivates the evolution of its tourist brand building.The paper elaborates the operation relations coupled with current situation of its ban building,proposing optimal measures like strengthening brand supporting facilities building and planning guide,unified image,enhancing the building of Leisure City,setting up a sense of system,strengthening tourism brand integration and system construction,building the concept of customer satisfaction and focusing on raising loyalty to tourism brand building.
  • Article
    Assessing recreational value of place attachment based on ITCM：A case study in Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area
    XIAO Xiao, ZHANG Jie, LU Junyu, YIN Lijie
    2013, 32(3): 570-579. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030017
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    The travel cost model(TCM) has been widely used to estimate recreational value of tourist destinations.Place attachment is an important part of man-land relationship.Assessing the economic value of place attachment plays an important role in tourism planning and development.This article selected Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area as a case,based on 518 samples data collected from questionnaire investigation.Three conclusions can be drawn as follows.(1) The total recreational value of Jiuzhaigou scenic area is 9.116 billion yuan.The improved individual travel cost method(ITCM),which considered Chinese tourism traffic situation,reduced the measurement error from a simple travel cost method and was more effective on resource value assessment.(2) Through factor analysis and path analysis,we found place dependence and place identity were two dimensions of place attachment.Place dependence had positive effect on the place identity.Place dependence and place identity promoted tourists' demand in different degrees.Tourists' age and staying time had positive effect on place attachment.However,the education level of the visitors had negative impact on place attachment.(3) According to ITCM,we calculated the consumer surplus.Place attachment contributed 5.6% to overall recreational value of Jiuzhaigou's total,reflecting the economic promotion to scenic area from place attachment.
  • Article
    The articles about China in Journal of Geography, 1889-1944
    DUAN Wei, HE Ying
    2013, 32(3): 580-589. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013030018
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    Journal of Geography is the most important professional journal of earth sciences in Japan.Since 1889,the year when Journal of Geography was launched,it has long been interested in East and Southeast Asia,numerous articles related in this region on geography had been published,which include not only theses but also plenty of field investigation articles.From 1889 to 1944,Journal of Geography had an average of more than 13% of articles and coverage which were relevant to China,thus,studies on China took a leading position in this journal.Based on an original survey,this paper mainly introduced the evolution and demonstrated the value of Journal of Geography,and then analyzed the characteristics of the articles about China that were published from 1889 to 1944.The paper focuses on the field investigations carried out by Japanese geographers in various aspects of China,including the landforms,geology,resources,products,and transportations as well as the social humanities.The value of the above investigations is discussed and the temporal-spatial distribution features are analyzed.By using these articles based on a large number of field survey data and results in China from Japanese geographers and other historical documents,the cognition level of geography in China from 1889 to 1944 by the Japanese like editors and writers of Journal of Geography is reconstructed.Taking the article's connection with China as a key point,we discuss the causes of such historical phenomenon,especially the influence of the policy of Japanese invading China.We can see a close relationship between the field survey in China by Japanese geographers and the fact that at that time,demands for Chinese geographic information increased steadily in Japan,according to this study.