The varied impacts of land use/cover change on summer precipitation over eastern China
Received date: 2016-12-21
Request revised date: 2017-04-10
Online published: 2017-07-31
Copyright
Precipitation could be impacted significantly by Land Use/Cover Change (LUCC). However, the variability of impacts of LUCC on precipitation and its dependences on the large-scale climate background have been little studied. In this study, numerical experiments with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for 21-year (1980-2000) were carried out. There were two experiments with exactly the same settings except for the underlying land use/cover. One experiment used land use/cover for the early 1980s (hereafter called EXP1980) and the other one used land use/cover for the 2000 (hereafter called EXP2000). Through comparing the two experiments with each other, the inter-annual variability of impacts of LUCC on summer precipitation over eastern China and its dependences on the large-scale climate background were disclosed. The results show that the LUCC exerted varied impacts on the summer precipitation along with the inter-annual variations of climate background. On the climate background of 1981, 1984, 1986, 1989, and 1996 (hereafter called LR years), the LUCC from the early 1980s to 2000 may lead to a decrease of precipitation over eastern China, in particularly in the southwest and northeast of China. On the climate background of 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, and 1999 (hereafter called MR years), the LUCC may lead to an increase of precipitation over eastern China, particularly in Southwest and Northeast China. Between the LR years and MR years, climate backgrounds have significant differences. There was a higher geopotential height in the west and a lower geopotential height in the east in the MR years than those in the LR years. Thereby, there was an anomaly of high pressure over Mongolia and an anomaly of low pressure over the Sea of Okhotsk. As a consequence, there was more precipitation in the south and less precipitation in the north in MR years than those in LR years. Such differences of climate backgrounds between MR years and LR years simulated by WRF model were also presented by NCEP2 reanalysis dataset. All of findings suggest that, along with the decadal precipitation variations characterized by an increase in the south and a decrease in the north from the 1980s, in which LR years existed mostly, to the 1990s, in which MR years existed mostly, the increase in the south might be promoted by LUCC while the decrease in the north might be slowed down by LUCC.
Key words: land use/cover change; precipitation effects; climate background; China
LI Xiaxiang , ZHANG Xuezhen , ZHANG Lijuan , ZHENG Jingyun . The varied impacts of land use/cover change on summer precipitation over eastern China[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2017 , 36(7) : 1233 -1244 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201707004
Fig. 1 Domain and topography of WRF simulation图1 模拟试验的区域范围及地面海拔 |
Fig. 2 Land use and land cover over the eastern China in 1980 and 2000 under the framework of WRF simulations图2 WRF模拟试验框架下1980年和2000年中国东部的土地利用/覆盖 |
Fig. 3 Ground measurements and WRF simulations of summer precipitation variations from 1980 to 2000图3 观测及WRF模拟的1980-2000年中国东部(105°E以东)夏季降水变化 |
图4 LR年和MR年平均的EXP2000与EXP1980降水之差(EXP2000-EXP1980)Fig. 4 Mean differences of precipitation between the two simulations (EXP2000 minus EXP1980)for the LR years and MR years |
Fig. 5 Mean differences of geopotential height and wind field between the two simulations (EXP2000 minus EXP1980)for the LR years and MR years图5 LR年和MR年平均的EXP2000与EXP1980位势高度场之差及风场之差(EXP2000-EXP1980) |
Fig. 6 Mean differences of integrated water vapor flux between the two simulations (EXP2000 minus EXP1980) for the LR years and MR years图6 LR年和MR年平均的EXP2000与EXP1980整层水汽通量之差(EXP2000-EXP1980) |
Fig. 7 Difference of the standardized precipitation (a), geopotential height and wind field between MR years and LR years (MR minus LR), at the pressure level of 500 hPa (b) and 850 hPa (c), derived from the EXP1980 simulation图7 EXP1980模拟的MR年与LR年标准化降水之差(a. MR-LR年)及500 hPa(b)和850 hPa(c)的位势高度之差、矢量风场之差 |
Fig. 8 Differences of standardized summer precipitation from ground measurements (a), geopotential height and wind field between MR years and LR years (MR years minus LR years), at the pressure level of 500 hPa (b) and 850 hPa (c), derived from the NCEP2 reanalysis data图8 地面观测的MR年与LR年标准化夏季降水之差(a. MR-LR年)及NCEP2再分析资料中MR年与LR年850 hPa(b)和500 hPa(c)的位势高度之差和矢量风之差 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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