The spatial pattern of urban areas and urban system of Yangtze River Delta in the past 600 years
Received date: 2017-08-25
Request revised date: 2018-12-23
Online published: 2019-05-13
Copyright
Based on the data extracted from historical documents, ancient maps and remote sensing, quoting the reconstruction method of ancient city from history study, this study reconstructed urban areas of 113 cities and towns from the Ming Dynasty in the Yangtze River Delta. Aiming to analyze the expansion progress of urban areas and the spatial pattern of urban system of this region since the Ming Dynasty, we took the years of 1461, 1820, 1930, 1970, 1980, 2000 and 2010 as time sections, and adopted the urban expansion rate, urban expansion efficiency, urban primacy index and rank-size rule. The results are as follows: (1) The urban area of 113 cities increased markedly in the past 600 years. The average increment is 31.27 times as 1461’s, from 205.98 km² to 6442.19 km², and Shanghai region has the greatest increment, 63.41 times as 1461’s. The urban expansion of the past 600 years can be divided into four processes: the embryonic stage (Ming and Qing dynasties), the starting stage (from the Republic of China to the early Reform and Opening-up), the growing stage (from the Reform and Opening-up to 2000) and the rapid development stage (21st century). The urban expansion rate was accelerating while the efficiency of urban expansion needs to be improved. (2) As for spatial pattern of the city size distribution, cities of Suzhou and Nanjing were the largest ones in the region in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and Shanghai substituted Suzhou and Nanjing and became the largest city in the Yangtze River Delta since the Republic of China. Large and medium scale cities were mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Basin and the Taihu Lake Basin, while the small-scale cities were mainly in Anhui Province. The city size distribution in urban system appeared to be the first-place pattern. The urban primacy index was high and the urban primacy index was lower in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The large-scale cities had more advantages and they developed faster, resulting in a wider gap between different scale cities.
Key words: urban system; spatial pattern; land use; Yangtze River Delta; the past 600 years
QIN Lijun , JIN Xiaobin , JIANG Yuchao , XUE Qiaofeng , CHENG Yinong , LONG Ying , YANG Xuhong , ZHOU Yinkang . The spatial pattern of urban areas and urban system of Yangtze River Delta in the past 600 years[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019 , 38(5) : 1045 -1062 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020170862
Fig. 1 The location of the study area图1 研究区范围 |
Tab. 1 The statistics of reconstructed cities of Yangtze River Delta in Ming and Qing Dynasties表1 本研究所复原城镇统计(共113座) |
| 区域 | 复原城镇 |
|---|---|
| 上海地区(10座) | 申城、松江、奉贤、宝山、金山、嘉定、崇明、南汇、川沙、青浦 |
| 江苏地区(33座) | 江宁、高淳、溧水、六合、浦口、无锡、江阴、宜兴、武进、溧阳、金坛、苏城、常熟、昆山、太仓、吴江、南通、海门、如皋、盐城、东台、阜宁、扬州、宝应、高邮、仪征、镇江、丹阳、句容、泰州、泰兴、兴化、靖江 |
| 浙江地区(39座) | 杭城、富阳、临安、桐庐、萧山、余杭、甬城、奉化、宁海、象山、余姚、镇海、嘉兴、海宁、海盐、嘉善、平湖、桐乡、湖州、安吉、德清、长兴、绍兴、上虞、嵊州、新昌、诸暨、金华、东阳、兰溪、浦江、武义、义乌、永康、台州、临海、天台、仙居、温岭 |
| 安徽地区(31座) | 合肥、巢湖、庐江、芜湖、南陵、繁昌、无为、当涂、含山、和县、铜陵、安庆、潜山、太湖、桐城、望江、宿松、滁州、定远、凤阳、来安、全椒、天长、池州、青阳、宣城、广德、绩溪、泾县、旌德、郎溪 |
Fig. 2 Spatial reconstruction of urban land use of an ancient city (e.g. Yangzhou City)图2 典型城镇(扬州)历史形态复原过程示意 |
Fig. 3 The expansion of urban construction land of prefecture-level cities of Yangtze River Delta in the past 600 years图3 近六百年来长江三角洲地区地级以上城镇建成区范围变化过程 |
Fig. 4 The comparison of urban expansion rate in different periods图4 各城镇不同时期建成区扩张速率对比 |
Fig. 5 The evolution of scale structure of Yangtze River Delta urban system图5 城镇体系等级规模分布变化格局 |
Fig. 6 Estimates for city rank-size rule in Yangtze River Delta图6 长江三角洲地区城镇位序-规模线性拟合 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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