Comprehensive analysis of world geography of nuclear power industry
Received date: 2020-08-07
Accepted date: 2020-12-28
Online published: 2021-05-10
Copyright
The development of nuclear power industry is closely related to international climate change negotiation, global production chain, geopolitics and national security, as well as national industrial competitiveness. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the spatial evolution and national competitiveness of nuclear power industry. After outlining the evolving stages of nuclear power industry in the world, this paper analyzed the geographical characteristics of nuclear power industry from both national perspective in the whole world and locational perspective of 198 nuclear power plants in different countries. Furthermore, the competitive advantages of the nuclear power industry of 34 nuclear power countries in operation were evaluated by combining the comprehensive evaluation indicators with the complex network analysis of trade flows between countries. The competitive differences among countries were also compared from the detailed aspects of the support capacity of ore minerals, nuclear equipment and parts, and the scale capacity of nuclear power plants in operation. The main results are as follows. Firstly, there are great differences among countries towards the development strategy of nuclear power industry. Although the global nuclear power capacities in operation are mainly concentrated in the developed countries currently, Asia will become the center of global nuclear power industry in near future with the expansion of nuclear power capacities in Asian countries. Secondly, the nuclear power plants are mainly located in regions close to the densely populated areas that have a large demand of electricity, even though the physical geography and economic level vary greatly among countries. Thirdly, the global trade networks of nuclear reactors and parts show an obvious hierarchical system and a core-periphery structure, indicating that the competitiveness and centrality of main nuclear power countries are more powerful. On the whole, the United States, Russia, Canada, France and China rank among the top five countries in terms of comprehensive competitiveness in nuclear power industry. Finally, suggestions for the developmental strategy of China's nuclear power industry are provided. With the emergence of new nuclear power countries and expanding demand markets of nuclear energy, the balance and the flow pattern of the existing international nuclear power industry will be reconstructed, which urges China to make a comprehensive plan and strategic pathway for its nuclear power industry development with special attention being paid to the whole production chain.
ZHANG Xiaoping , LU Dadao , CHEN Mingxing , GAO Shanshan , WU Aiping . Comprehensive analysis of world geography of nuclear power industry[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2021 , 40(3) : 673 -688 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020200746
图2 OECD国家电力生产结构变化(1974—2018)注:数据来源于国际能源署(https://www.iea.org)。 Fig. 2 Change in fuel types for electricity generation in OECD countries (1974-2018) |
图3 2001—2018年全球在运核反应堆数量及发电装机总容量注:数据来源于国际原子能机构(https://www.iaea.org);世界核协会(https://www.world-nuclear.org)。 Fig. 3 Annual number and electricity capacity of nuclear reactors in operation worldwide from 2001 to 2018 |
图8 世界核电国家核反应堆燃料及原料产品出口贸易网络变化(2018年对比2010年)Fig. 8 Comparison of export trade networks of main countries in nuclear fuel and elements (2010 vs 2018) |
真诚感谢匿名评审专家在论文评审中所付出的时间和精力,专家意见对论文的修改完善帮助很大,尤其是关于增强核电产业空间布局与竞争力两部分内容间递进关系的建议,使作者获益匪浅。
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