Progress and prospects of geography in public health: A review of literature abroad
Received date: 2020-11-03
Accepted date: 2021-04-19
Online published: 2021-11-10
Copyright
World Health Organization defines health as ‘a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’. Therefore, public health, the art and science of promoting health, is an interdisciplinary field which benefits from communication of different research perspectives. Of these perspectives, geography has a unique advantage in that space and health are intrinsically linked. The geographical context of places and the connectedness between places together play a major role in shaping public health. These features allow geography to theorize the associations between different variables and health from a unique angle of view and tackle public health challenges around the world. Many core geographical research themes in recent years, including inequalities, urbanization, and globalization, are directly related to public health. However, with the definition of health and public management constantly evolving, public health and geography research starting stressing emphasis on socio-economic factors, and crises like climate change and COVID-19 pandemic bringing external pressure, the geographical dimension of public health research has become much more complex and experienced many changes in connotation, theory, content and methodology. This paper starts with a brief review which shows relevant literatures at home and abroad have both experienced a slow rise, an accelerated rise, and the current rapid rise, but are divided in perspectives and topics concerned. It is worth noting that numbers of both reached a maximum in 2020. Then the paper is organized in a set of theories, methods and topics which have dominated much of the recent literature abroad: neighborhood effect, therapeutic landscapes, post-humanist thoughts, evolving quantitative and qualitative methods, healthy aging, health inequalities, and urban planning measures aimed at promoting residents’ health. In particular, it points out current opportunities in which global crises such as climate change and COVID-19 pandemic opened up for geographical research. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine recent research in the geographical dimension of public health research abroad; second, to introduce relevant theories, methods, and topics which might prove valuable to support future quests and build in-depth research on domestic public health problems.
Key words: public health; geography; health geography; evolutionary turn
XU Yunfan , HUANG Xianjin . Progress and prospects of geography in public health: A review of literature abroad[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2021 , 40(9) : 2638 -2656 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020201058
图1 1992—2020年中英文发文数量统计Fig. 1 Publication records related to geography in public health, published from 1992 to 2020 |
表1 前20位高频关键词在三个时序阶段的词频统计Tab. 1 Word frequency of top 20 keywords in three time phases |
中文词频(次) | 英文词频(次) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1992—2002年 | 2003—2012年 | 2013—2020年 | 1992—2002年 | 2003—2012年 | 2013—2020年 | ||
地理信息系统 | 4 | 119 | 133 | public health | 57 | 382 | 1142 |
空间分布 | 21 | 48 | 141 | epidemiology | 65 | 256 | 677 |
新冠肺炎 | 0 | 0 | 102 | health | 31 | 209 | 618 |
公平性 | 0 | 14 | 76 | prevalence | 41 | 199 | 522 |
健康风险评价 | 0 | 22 | 68 | united states | 51 | 178 | 514 |
空间自相关 | 0 | 8 | 63 | risk | 43 | 203 | 490 |
卫生资源配置 | 1 | 11 | 55 | mortality | 47 | 206 | 447 |
基尼系数 | 1 | 8 | 52 | disease | 34 | 152 | 426 |
流行病学 | 4 | 20 | 32 | GIS | 29 | 213 | 340 |
时空分布 | 0 | 7 | 46 | infection | 24 | 149 | 402 |
影响因素 | 1 | 4 | 37 | impact | 6 | 106 | 404 |
泰尔指数 | 0 | 1 | 37 | children | 36 | 131 | 306 |
水环境 | 3 | 20 | 12 | transmission | 21 | 123 | 328 |
重金属 | 0 | 5 | 28 | risk factor | 21 | 111 | 316 |
中国 | 0 | 5 | 27 | population | 29 | 119 | 268 |
健康城市 | 1 | 2 | 29 | surveillance | 14 | 103 | 270 |
生态环境 | 5 | 12 | 15 | association | 7 | 66 | 300 |
时空聚集性 | 0 | 4 | 27 | physical activity | 7 | 95 | 262 |
公共卫生 | 1 | 14 | 14 | outbreak | 8 | 85 | 253 |
空间流行病学 | 0 | 13 | 14 | care | 12 | 66 | 260 |
真诚感谢匿名评审专家在论文评审中所付出的时间和精力,评审专家对本文概念界定、行文思路等方面的修改意见,使本文获益匪浅。同时,感谢南京大学毛熙彦副教授在文章修改过程中提供的帮助。
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