Analysis of the relationship between urban land use and urban population in Hunan province during the Republic of China
Received date: 2023-10-31
Accepted date: 2024-03-03
Online published: 2024-07-05
Due to the unsystematic and incomplete urban population statistics in modern China, it was difficult to conduct comprehensive and systematic research on urban geography in the past. In modern China, there were a great many of towns without demographic data. The primary issue in modern urban geography research is how to provide a more scientific dataset of population for the vast majority of cities lacking population statistics. The main data of this article is the "List of cadastral places in important towns and towns of various counties and cities in Hunan province" from the 1940s. It is a set of high-precision data sources for urban land use within the province of the Republic of China that can be seen up to now. This study mainly used the measured urban land use data of 172 towns in this dataset, combined with the urban population data from 1949 to 1950 recorded in local chronicles of the 1980s and 1990s. Through comprehensive analysis of these data, a judgment method for the relationship between urban population and urban land area in modern typical regions is obtained. The conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) During the Republic of China period, there was a highly positive correlation between the population of towns in Hunan and the land area of towns, but the correlation with the total urban area was relatively small. (2) During the study period, the population urbanization rate in the province ranged from 6.19% to 7.23%, and the land urbanization rate was 0.04%. (3) During the period, the population density of county seats in Hunan was generally around 25000 people/ km2, while that of towns was roughly around 28000 people/ km2. Compared with the relevant data in the Jiangnan region, the population density of county seats in Hunan is slightly lower, while that of towns is significantly higher. (4) In the 1940s, the total urban area, urban land use, and urban population in Hunan were positively correlated with urban administrative level, but there was no close relationship between urban population density, urbanization rate, and administrative level. (5) The technical route of using high-precision measured modern urban land to estimate urban population is feasible, but estimating urbanization rate using land urbanization rate will be significantly underestimated.
YANG Xunyi , ZHANG Xiaotong , WANG Zhe . Analysis of the relationship between urban land use and urban population in Hunan province during the Republic of China[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2024 , 43(7) : 1735 -1749 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020230970
表1 1940年代湖南各级市、县、镇城镇总面积和城镇用地统计Tab. 1 Statistics for total urban area and urban land of cities, counties, and towns at all levels in Hunan in the 1940s |
数量 | 城镇总面 积平均数(km2) | 城镇总面积 中位数 (km2) | 城镇用地 平均数 (km2) | 城镇用地 中位数 (km2) | 城镇用地/ 城镇总面积 平均数(%) | 城镇用地/ 城镇总面积 中位数(%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
市 | 2 | 160.35 | 11.45 | 8.58 | |||
一等县 | 24 | 3.39 | 2.49 | 0.95 | 0.79 | 36.11 | 32.77 |
二等县 | 27 | 1.21 | 0.79 | 0.36 | 0.31 | 41.63 | 38.00 |
三等县 | 23 | 0.60 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 54.70 | 60.21 |
市镇(除南岳市) | 95 | 0.41 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.08 | 51.11 | 51.34 |
注:由于南岳市城镇总面积包含部分衡山景区,统计口径有异,故统计中剔除。 |
表2 1940年代湖南各级市、县、镇城镇人口和城镇人口密度统计Tab. 2 Statistics of urban population and urban population density of cities, counties and towns at all levels in Hunan in the 1940s |
数量 | 城镇人口平 均数(人) | 城镇人口中 位数(人) | 城镇人口密度 平均数(人/km2) | 城镇人口密度 中位数(人/km2) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
市 | 2 | 294263 | 25719 | ||
一等甲级 | 4 | 57759 | 62707 | 29813 | 29181 |
一等乙级 | 20 | 18271 | 17106 | 25890 | 25077 |
二等甲级 | 11 | 9565 | 10000 | 20628 | 19815 |
二等乙级 | 14 | 7790 | 7309 | 27750 | 25860 |
三等甲级 | 11 | 5261 | 4181 | 19138 | 18886 |
三等乙级 | 8 | 4345 | 3421 | 20134 | 20544 |
市镇 | 42 | 5969 | 3159 | 28986 | 24302 |
县城 | 68 | 13285 | 9149 | 23883 | 22042 |
清代府治 | 16 | 31398 | 15246 | 23124 | 24724 |
清代县治 | 53 | 11435 | 7873 | 24148 | 21388 |
表3 1940年代湖南部分城镇的城镇用地和城镇人口Tab. 3 Urban land and urban population of some cities and towns in Hunan in the 1940s |
城镇 | 城镇 用地(km2) | 城镇 人口(人) | 城镇 | 城镇 用地(km2) | 城镇 人口(人) | 城镇 | 城镇 用地(km2) | 城镇 人口(人) | 城镇 | 城镇 用地(km2) | 城镇 人口(人) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
永明 | 0.12 | 2959 | 乌宿市 | 0.03 | 606 | 青树坪 | 0.07 | 1573 | 新市 | 0.11 | 2617 |
溆浦 | 0.24 | 5976 | 文明市 | 0.17 | 4069 | 桥江市 | 0.10 | 2263 | 官垱市 | 0.12 | 2843 |
新宁 | 0.38 | 9496 | 文明市 | 0.03 | 586 | 潘家墟 | 0.05 | 1006 | 谷水市 | 0.07 | 1687 |
麻阳 | 0.17 | 4306 | 王家渡 | 0.02 | 304 | 南岔市 | 0.02 | 373 | 高亭司 | 0.03 | 618 |
怀化 | 0.05 | 1060 | 王村 | 0.09 | 2049 | 码头市 | 0.03 | 552 | 高村市 | 0.16 | 3930 |
古丈 | 0.01 | 162 | 塘村墟 | 0.03 | 576 | 马底驿 | 0.03 | 642 | 甘棠坳 | 0.03 | 505 |
长铺市 | 0.06 | 1411 | 唐门口 | 0.03 | 568 | 龙潭市 | 0.15 | 3640 | 复兴场 | 0.02 | 373 |
长安营 | 0.02 | 289 | 潭湾市 | 0.06 | 1326 | 龙家寨 | 0.05 | 1002 | 汾市 | 0.03 | 711 |
寨前墟 | 0.02 | 254 | 松柏市 | 0.12 | 2893 | 六都寨 | 0.03 | 652 | 底庄市 | 0.13 | 3050 |
皂角市 | 0.04 | 924 | 泗汾 | 0.04 | 871 | 老晃县 | 0.07 | 1747 | 城陵矶 | 0.14 | 3331 |
洋溪市 | 0.10 | 2331 | 双江 | 0.08 | 1900 | 九溪城 | 0.09 | 2190 | 茶峒镇 | 0.15 | 3602 |
洋际市 | 0.06 | 1388 | 寿佛墟 | 0.02 | 222 | 界首市 | 0.06 | 1246 | 草尾镇 | 0.14 | 3438 |
夏塘市 | 0.03 | 551 | 石湾市 | 0.06 | 1287 | 吉洞坪 | 0.12 | 2922 | 播扬市 | 0.08 | 1839 |
西岩市 | 0.02 | 454 | 沙田墟 | 0.05 | 1180 | 回龙市 | 0.04 | 972 | 波洲街 | 0.02 | 436 |
五峰铺 | 0.07 | 1552 | 泉溪市 | 0.10 | 2471 | 湖口市 | 0.03 | 520 | 柏家坪 | 0.04 | 906 |
真诚感谢匿名评审专家在论文评审中付出的时间和精力,评审专家对本文数据论证、结果分析等方面的修改意见,使本文获益匪浅。感谢李谷箫同学在本文数据整理中做出的贡献。
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