The political ecology framework for conflict-governance research of protected area tourism
Received date: 2024-07-22
Accepted date: 2024-12-03
Online published: 2025-07-17
The resource use, costs and benefits of tourism activities in protected areas present unique characteristics. Revealing the distribution logic and the power mechanism is the key to breaking the conflict spiral to achieve the effective governance. Political ecology interprets ecological contradictions through political and economic linkages, providing a theory mean to integrate discrete and fluxes research works of nature conservation and tourism. The paper first compiles works related to tourism activities in protected areas from different disciplines, and then discusses the nature of political-ecology relation and internal unity of conflict-governance research in the governance process. Secondly, based on the epistemology of political ecology, the paper constructs a research framework for the conflict and governance of protected area tourism based on the practical logic of “conflict→governance”, which is based on the structure of the conflict, the causality of the structure, the mechanism of the causality, and the governance for the mechanisms. The framework starts with the social conflict events, and extends to the historical practice of nature and society interactions based on the dialectical and unified relationship of conflict and governance. Integrating the corresponding classical theories of political ecology, four main research topics emerge, i.e. ecological distribution, practical action, power structure and environmental governance. These topics are interconnected and causal with each other forming the paradigm of ecological distribution and in-depth power structure as a holistic theoretical manner to conduct research on the governance of conflicts over protected area tourism. Finally, the paper simulates the application of the research framework to analyze the causes of conflict by taking the example of the conflict over “sky-high priced homestay” in a protected area. The paper synthesizes, compares and evaluates interdisciplinary research on protected area tourism, bridging fragmented findings to reveal its political ecology dimensions. The proposed research framework bridges a conceptual gap in political ecology, focusing on the intrinsic links between conservation and tourism in protected areas. Last but not least, the study offers practical contributions to China's tecological civilization construction through technical support, theoretical guidance and discourse dissemination.
Key words: protected areas; tourism; political ecology; conflict; governance; sky-high priced homestay
ZHANG Haizhou , LU Lin . The political ecology framework for conflict-governance research of protected area tourism[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2025 , 44(7) : 1941 -1954 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020240716
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