地理研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 1822-1835.doi: 10.11821/dlyj020190697
张甜歌1(), 吴晋峰1,2(
), 石晓腾1, 吴宝清1, 邓纯纯1, 吴珊珊1
收稿日期:
2019-08-15
修回日期:
2020-01-22
出版日期:
2020-08-20
发布日期:
2020-10-20
通讯作者:
吴晋峰
作者简介:
张甜歌(1995-),女,安徽灵璧人,硕士研究生,研究方向为旅游开发与市场分析。E-mail: 基金资助:
ZHANG Tiange1(), WU Jinfeng1,2(
), SHI Xiaoteng1, WU Baoqing1, DENG Chunchun1, WU Shanshan1
Received:
2019-08-15
Revised:
2020-01-22
Online:
2020-08-20
Published:
2020-10-20
Contact:
WU Jinfeng
摘要:
自驾游市场是国内旅游市场的重要组成部分。研究自驾旅游者的出游空间大小和结构对于目的地开发和优化自驾游线路产品、有针对性地开展市场营销工作具有重要意义。以北京、西安和武汉为案例地,基于4000多份调查问卷,应用数理统计法、地图法和空间分析法,对自驾旅游者的出游空间结构进行了定量研究,结果发现:① 自驾到访率随出游距离的增加呈指数衰减,在交通距离400 km范围内衰减最快。② 自驾游空间可划分为轴心区、辐射区和边缘区三种不同类型区。其中,轴心区和辐射区是有旅游市场价值的空间。③ 不同城市自驾游空间大小不同。以交通距离衡量,北京自驾游空间半径为1665 km,西安为1196 km,武汉为1176 km,轴心区半径均在交通距离400 km左右。④ 自驾游空间可划分为舒适空间(4 h以内)和疲惫空间(超过4 h),其中疲惫空间可进一步划分为轻度疲惫空间(4~6 h)和重度疲惫空间(超过6 h)。舒适空间对应轴心区,疲惫空间对应辐射区,轻度疲惫空间对应轴心区与辐射区之间的过渡带。本研究提出的城市自驾旅游者出游空间结构“轮毂”模型为研究自驾游空间结构提供了认知框架。
张甜歌, 吴晋峰, 石晓腾, 吴宝清, 邓纯纯, 吴珊珊. “轮毂”模型:城市自驾旅游者的出游空间结构——以北京、西安、武汉为例[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(8): 1822-1835.
ZHANG Tiange, WU Jinfeng, SHI Xiaoteng, WU Baoqing, DENG Chunchun, WU Shanshan. “Wheel hub” model: The tourism space structure of urban self-driving tourists: Taking Beijing, Xi'an and Wuhan cities as examples[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2020, 39(8): 1822-1835.
表1
样本特征"
调查项目 | 北京 | 西安 | 武汉 | 调查项目 | 北京 | 西安 | 武汉 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 男 | 39.72 | 40.52 | 39.94 | 职业 | 事业单位人员 | 11.41 | 10.72 | 8.47 |
女 | 53.15 | 51.02 | 50.82 | 教师 | 4.72 | 7.56 | 3.08 | ||
未填写 | 7.13 | 8.46 | 9.24 | 学生 | 19.64 | 24.60 | 28.39 | ||
婚姻 | 未婚 | 44.87 | 43.56 | 57.84 | 公务员 | 1.93 | 2.26 | 1.64 | |
已婚 | 38.18 | 42.44 | 24.74 | 企业人员 | 26.82 | 21.67 | 23.67 | ||
未填写 | 16.95 | 14.00 | 17.42 | 私企老板 | 2.65 | 1.58 | 0.96 | ||
年龄 | ≤ 17岁 | 5.19 | 3.39 | 2.60 | 服务业人员 | 4.48 | 6.21 | 4.62 | |
18~27岁 | 47.14 | 43.57 | 62.46 | 自由职业者 | 12.57 | 9.71 | 12.03 | ||
28~37岁 | 30.81 | 32.73 | 22.44 | 退休 | 1.49 | 2.26 | 1.83 | ||
38~47岁 | 10.54 | 10.27 | 6.35 | 其他 | 11.98 | 10.16 | 11.65 | ||
48~57岁 | 2.99 | 5.64 | 2.21 | 未填写 | 2.31 | 3.27 | 3.66 | ||
58~67岁 | 1.40 | 1.81 | 1.06 | 每月 收入 | ≤ 1500元 | 4.09 | 8.69 | 6.06 | |
≥ 68岁 | 0.53 | 0.56 | 1.15 | 1500~4500元 | 13.24 | 29.91 | 28.10 | ||
未填写 | 1.40 | 2.03 | 1.73 | 4500~9000元 | 33.80 | 30.02 | 26.28 | ||
教育 程度 | 初中及以下 | 3.66 | 5.30 | 2.60 | 9000~35000元 | 24.60 | 10.05 | 6.83 | |
高中 | 8.67 | 9.14 | 9.82 | 35000~55000元 | 1.65 | 0.23 | 0.87 | ||
大专 | 16.13 | 21.78 | 22.91 | 55000~80000元 | 0.91 | 0.22 | 0.48 | ||
本科 | 52.19 | 40.41 | 50.53 | ≥ 80000元 | 0.63 | 0.23 | 0.67 | ||
研究生 | 16.42 | 20.32 | 10.68 | 无收入 | 14.68 | 14.67 | 20.12 | ||
未填写 | 2.93 | 3.05 | 3.46 | 未填写 | 6.40 | 5.98 | 10.59 |
表2
目标景区"
目标景区 | 北京 | 西安 | 武汉 |
---|---|---|---|
非共同景区 | 安庆天柱山、安新白洋淀、大理崇圣寺三塔、济南天下第一泉、天津古文化街、武隆喀斯特、西安兵马俑、西安钟楼、忻州雁门关、尧山-中原大佛 | 安庆天柱山、池州九华山、衡山、商洛金丝峡、嵩山少林寺、武隆喀斯特、榆林红碱淖 | 鄂州莲花山、池州九华山、衡山、咸宁赤壁古战场、天津古文化街、商洛金丝峡、嵩山少林寺、榆林红碱淖 |
共同景区 | 阿坝九寨沟、阿勒泰喀纳斯、安顺黄果树、八达岭长城、巴丹吉林沙漠、巴州博斯腾湖、包头敕勒川、宝鸡法门寺、北京故宫、成都青城山、承德避暑山庄、大连金石滩、大同云冈石窟、大足石刻、迪庆香格里拉、东方明珠、敦煌鸣沙山、鄂尔多斯成吉思汗陵、甘南草原、广州白云山、贵阳多彩贵州城、桂林漓江、哈尔滨太阳岛、哈密巴里坤古城景区、海北州青海湖、汉中武侯祠、杭州西湖、洪桐大槐树、黄山、吉安井冈山、焦作云台山、九江庐山、喀什噶尔老城、拉萨布达拉宫、乐山峨眉山、洛阳龙门石窟、满洲里中俄边境、漠河北极村、南昌滕王阁、南京中山陵、南宁青秀山、平遥古城、秦皇岛北戴河、青岛崂山、曲阜三孔、三亚天涯海角、厦门鼓浪屿、韶山、深圳华侨城、神农架、沈阳故宫、十堰武当山、石家庄西柏坡、苏州园林、太行大峡谷、太原晋祠、泰安泰山、天水麦积山石窟、吐鲁番葡萄沟、渭南华山、乌鲁木齐天山天池景区、武汉黄鹤楼、武夷山、西宁塔尔寺、西双版纳、忻州五台山、烟台蓬莱阁、延安宝塔山、伊春汤旺河、银川沙湖、张家界、张掖丹霞景区、长春净月潭、舟山普陀山、遵义会议会址 |
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