基于日流量视角的俄罗斯首府城市铁路客运网络空间特征

doi:10.11821/dlyj020190843

地理研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 247-262.doi: 10.11821/dlyj020190843

基于日流量视角的俄罗斯首府城市铁路客运网络空间特征

初楠臣¹(), 张平宇²^,³(), 吴相利¹, 李鹤²^,³

1.哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院, 哈尔滨 150025
2.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春 130102
3.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2019-09-25 接受日期:2020-09-11 出版日期:2021-01-10 发布日期:2021-03-10
通讯作者: 张平宇
作者简介:初楠臣（1992-）,男,黑龙江佳木斯人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为城市地理与区域发展。E-mail: chunanchen_1992@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42071162);国家科技基础资源调查专项课题(2017FY101303-1);中国科学院重点部署项目子课题(ZDRW-ZS-2017-4-3-4);国家社会科学基金(16BJY039)

The spatial characteristics of railway passenger network in Russian capital cities based on the daily railway passenger flow

CHU Nanchen¹(), ZHANG Pingyu²^,³(), WU Xiangli¹, LI He²^,³

1. College of Geographical Sciences, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
2. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, CAS, Changchun 130102, China
3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2019-09-25 Accepted:2020-09-11 Online:2021-01-10 Published:2021-03-10
Contact: ZHANG Pingyu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

构建俄罗斯81×81的首府城市的日铁路客运流量矩阵,基于社会网络分析研究其铁路客运网络特征,结果表明：① 俄罗斯首府铁路客运网络松散且不均衡,西密东疏,高、中密度联系的城市位于中央联邦区与西伯利亚铁路沿线,俄欧洲北部、欧洲南部、亚洲等3个铁路区系内包含不同的子群与核心。② 日铁路客运流量表现出沿西伯利亚铁路的“廊道型”向南北两侧逐渐递减弱化的“非对称性”空间态势,西伯利亚铁路内部初步形成以莫斯科、叶卡捷琳堡-彼尔姆-秋明、鄂木斯克、新西伯利亚为核心及其外围地区的次一级“核心-边缘”格局。③ 俄人口分界线——“圣图线”西南侧城市的铁路要素集散能力、铁路联系强度、对其他节点控制程度均强于东北侧城市。

关键词: 铁路客运网络, 日铁路客运流量, 社会网络分析, 空间特征, 俄罗斯

Abstract:

This paper studied the spatial structure, pattern, and characteristics of Russian railway passenger network. The paper first built a daily railway passenger flow matrix consisting of 81*81 capital cities to evaluate the daily railway passenger flow of Russia. Then by analyzing the network density, three kinds of centralities, core/periphery structure and cohesive subgroups using the network analysis software - University of California at Irvine Network (UCINET), this paper displayed the structure and characteristics of Russian railway passenger network. Finally, the global trend analysis and spatial interpolation function of geographic information system (GIS) were used to simulate the pattern of the daily railway passenger flow and three kinds of centralities in Russia and to reveal the characteristics and the differentiation of their spatial distribution. The results are as follows. First, spatially, the railway passenger network of Russia is loosely organized, displaying the unbalanced characteristic of "dense in the west, while sparse in the east". The railway passenger network of different federal districts differs greatly as such: Privolzhsky (Volga) Federal District > Siberian Federal District > Central Federal District > Ural Federal District > North West Federal District > South Federal District > Far East Federal District> North-Caucasian Federal District. Particularly, the railway passenger connection density of the capital cities in the Central Federal District and along the trans-Siberian railway is higher than that of other capital cities in Russia. The railway subgroups and cores of the northern Europe clique, southern Europe clique, and Asia clique in Russia are different. Second, by analyzing the daily railway passenger flow, we find that the trans-Siberian railway line which has developed into the main "corridor" of Russian railway passenger flow is much higher than the rest lines. However, its south and north sides have shown an asymmetric reduction trend. And in the trans-Siberian railway line, Moscow, Yekaterinburg-Perm-Tyumen, Omsk, and Novosibirsk are located in the key positions of high railway passenger flow. Third, key elements related to railway such as population of the capital cities located on the southwest side of Russian population boundary (Saint Petersburg- Rupublic of Tuva) line is higher than that of the capital cities on the northeast side. Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Tyumen, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar, Novosibirsk, and Tver are the national important railway passenger accessibility intermediary cities.

Key words: railway passenger network, daily railway passenger flow, social network analysis, spatial characteristics, Russia

初楠臣, 张平宇, 吴相利, 李鹤. 基于日流量视角的俄罗斯首府城市铁路客运网络空间特征[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(1): 247-262.

CHU Nanchen, ZHANG Pingyu, WU Xiangli, LI He. The spatial characteristics of railway passenger network in Russian capital cities based on the daily railway passenger flow[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2021, 40(1): 247-262.

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联邦区（Correlation）	城市（核心度）
俄罗斯（78.2%）	莫斯科（0.821）特维尔（0.297）圣彼得堡（0.234）梁赞（0.177）弗拉基米尔（0.145）图拉（0.115）叶卡捷琳堡（0.107）
中央（91.4%）	莫斯科（0.942）特维尔（0.214）梁赞（0.141）弗拉基米尔（0.111）
西伯利亚（89.0%）	鄂木斯克（0.582）新西伯利亚（0.490）克拉斯诺亚尔斯克（0.381）
远东（97.9%）	伯力（0.818）比罗比詹（0.478）海参崴（0.312）
南部（65.9%）	顿河畔罗斯托夫（0.669）克拉斯诺达尔（0.669）
西北（84.4%）	圣彼得堡（0.904）
伏尔加（64.1%）	基洛夫（1.000）
乌拉尔（94.9%）	叶卡捷琳堡（1.000）

基于日流量视角的俄罗斯首府城市铁路客运网络空间特征

The spatial characteristics of railway passenger network in Russian capital cities based on the daily railway passenger flow

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