不同水淹环境下河口感潮湿地 枯落物分解及营养动态

doi:10.11821/yj2009010014

地理研究 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 118-128.doi: 10.11821/yj2009010014

不同水淹环境下河口感潮湿地枯落物分解及营养动态

仝川, 刘白贵

福建师范大学亚热带湿地研究中心,湿润亚热带生态地理过程省高校重点实验室, 福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007

收稿日期:2008-06-20 修回日期:2008-09-16 发布日期:2010-11-20
作者简介:仝川(1964-),男,河北定州人,教授,博士。主要研究方向为生态系统生物地球化学循环。 E-mail:tongch@fjnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40671174); 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2006J0128);福建省自然地理学重点学科项目资助

Litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics in different tidal water submergence environments of estuarine tidal wetland

TONG Chuan, LIU Bai-gui

Research Centre of Wetlands in Sub-tropical Regions, Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geo Process of Fujian Universities, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China

Received:2008-06-20 Revised:2008-09-16 Published:2010-11-20
Supported by:
国家自然科学基金项目(40671174); 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2006J0128);福建省自然地理学重点学科项目资助

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用分解袋法,以我国东南沿海典型的感潮河口——闽江河口最大的鳝鱼滩湿地为研究区域,选取2个潮水水淹环境差异显著的地段(一个为近潮沟地段,另一个为远潮沟地段)为研究样地,对闽江河口主要的本地种芦苇、短叶茳芏及外来入侵种互花米草枯落物分解过程及影响因素进行研究,结果表明:(1)经常性的潮汐水淹对3种植物枯落物分解速率的影响不显著;(2) 经常性的潮汐水淹促进了短叶茳芏和互花米草枯落物N、P元素的损失,但对芦苇的影响不大;(3)在2种不同的水淹环境,3种植物枯落物分解速率由快到慢的顺序均是短叶茳芏＞互花米草＞和芦苇, 分解速率在0.003166~0.005280 d^-1之间, 95%干物质分解需要的时间在1.56~2.61 a之间;(4) C浓度基本稳定,N浓度呈上升趋势,总N在研究末期表现为净损失,P浓度呈较大的波动,总P在研究末期也表现为净损失;(5)具有最低C/P的短叶茳芏枯落物分解速率最快。

关键词: 枯落物分解, 营养动态, 潮水, 短叶茳芏, 芦苇, 互花米草, 闽江河口

Abstract:

Decomposition of litter plays an important role in carbon turnover and nutrients cycling in wetland ecosystem. Tide is the key feature for the estuarine tidal wetland. The wetlands of the Minjiang River estuary region are one of the major estuarine tidal wetlands in the southeast of China, and the Shanyutan is the largest wetland in the Minjiang River estuary region. Litter decomposition, nutrient dynamics and influencing factors of two native species (Phragmites australis and Cyperus malaccensis) and one exotic invasive species (Phragmites australis) were studied using mesh bag method in two sites under different tidal water submergence conditions. One site was near the tide ditch, and the other is far from the tide ditch in central Shanyutan wetland. The results indicated that: (1) Frequent tidal water submergence had no significant effects on the litter decomposition rates of three plants. (2) Frequent tidal water submergence accelerated the N and P loss of Cyperus malaccensis and Spartina alterniflora, however, it had little effect on Phragmites australis. (3) The order of litter decomposition rate was Cyperus malaccensis＞Spartina alterniflora＞Phragmites australis, with rates of 0.003166-0.005280 d 1, and the time of 95% dry mass of litter loss ranged from 1.56 to 2.61a. (4) C concentrations had only a little change, and the major pathway of C release was mineralization during the 280 days; there was an upward trend in N concentrations, at the end of the experiment, N content had a net loss and the major pathway of loss was mineralization; there was an obvious fluctuating downward trend in P concentrations at the end of the experiment, P content had also a net loss and leaching losses were responsible for much of P loss. (5) Litter quality was a main factor influencing the litter decomposition rates of the three plants. Litter decomposition rate of Cyperus malaccensis with the lowest C/P was the greatest.

Key words: litter decomposition, nutrient dynamics, tidal water, Phragmites australis, Cyperus malaccensis, Spartina alterniflora, Minjiang River estuary

仝川, 刘白贵. 不同水淹环境下河口感潮湿地枯落物分解及营养动态[J]. 地理研究, 2009, 28(1): 118-128.

TONG Chuan, LIU Bai-gui. Litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics in different tidal water submergence environments of estuarine tidal wetland[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2009, 28(1): 118-128.

参考文献

[1] 武海涛,吕宪国,杨青.湿地草本植物枯落物分解的影响因素.生态学杂志, 2006, 25(11):1405~1411.

[2] Eswaran H, Berg E V, Reich P.Global soil carbon resources.Soils and Global Change. CRC Press, 1995:27~43.

[3] Kuehn K A, Suberkropp K. Decomposition of standing litter of the freshwater emergent macrophyte Juncus e f f uses. Freshwater Biology,1998, 40 (4): 717~727.

[4] Debusk W F, Reddy K R.Litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics in a phosphorus enriched everglades marsh. Biogeochemistry, 2005,75:217~240.

[5] Vitousek P M,Turner D R,Parton W J,et al.Litter decomposition on the Mauna Loa environmental matrix,Hawai: Patterns,mechanisms,and models.Ecology,1994,75(2):418~429.

[6] Alerts R, Caluwe H D. Nutritional and plant mediated controls on leaf litter decomposition of Carex species. Ecology, 1997, 78: 244 ~260.

[7] McKee K L, Seneca E D.The influence of morphology in determining the decomposition of two salt marsh macrophytes.Estuaries,1982, 5(4): 302~309.

[8] Montagna P A, Ruber E. Decomposition of Spartina alterniflora in different seasons and habitats of a northern Massachusetts salt marsh, and a comparison with other Atlantic regions. Estuaries, 1980, 3(1):61~64.

[9] Qualls R G, Richardson C J.Phosphorus enrichment affects litter decomposition, immobilization,and soil microbial phosphorus in wetland mesocosms. Soil Sci. Soc.Am.J. , 2000, 64: 799~808.

[10] 刘景双,孙雪,于君宝.三江平原小叶樟、毛果苔草枯落物中氮素变化分析.应用生态学报,2000,11(6):898~902.

[11] 杨继松,刘景双,于君宝,等.三江平原小叶章湿地枯落物分解及主要元素变化动态.生态学杂志,2006, 25(6):597~602.

[12] 蒋海东,杨青,吕宪国, 等.三江平原典型环型湿地主要植物群落枯落物的热值变化.生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(2):36~39.

[13] 张银龙,林鹏.九龙江口秋茄红树林根分解过程的物质和能量变化.南京林业大学学报,1998,22(4):47~50.

[14] 范航清,林鹏.淋溶在红树林植物秋茄落叶分解失重中的潜在作用.海洋与湖泊,1995,26(1):28~33.

[15] 郑彩红,曾从盛,陈志强,等.闽江河口区湿地景观格局演变研究.湿地科学, 2006, 4(1):29~34.

[16] 金钊,杨玉盛,董云社,等.福建万木林自然保护区米槠和杉木细根分解动态.地理研究,2007,26(3):491~499.

[17] 周俊丽,吴莹,张经,等.长江口潮滩先锋植物藨草腐烂分解过程研究.海洋科学进展,2006,24(1):44~50.

[18] 杨继松,刘景双,于君宝,等.三江平原沼泽湿地枯落物分解及其营养动态. 生态学报,2006,26(5):1297~1301.

[19] Ribeiro C, Madeira M, Arau'jo M C.Decomposition and nutrient release from leaf litter of Eucalyptus globulus grown under different water. Forest Ecology and Management, 2002, 171:32~41.

[20] Valiela I, Teal J M, Allen S D, et al.Decomposition in salt marsh ecosystems: The phases and major factors affecting disappearance of above-ground organic matter. J.Exp.Mar.Biol.Ecol. , 1985, 89:29~54.

[21] Day F P. Effects of flooding on leaf litter decomposition in Microcosms.Oecologia, 1983,56:180~184.

[22] Anderson J T , Smith L M. The effect of flooding regimes on decomposition of Polygonum pensylvanicum in playa wetlands (Southern Great Plains, USA. Aquat.Bot. , 2002,74 :97~108.

[23] Vargo S M , Neely R K, Kirkwood S M. Emergent plant decomposition and sedimentation: Response to sediments varying in texture, phosphorus content and frequency of deposition.Environ.Exp. Bot. , 1998,40:43~58.

[24] Rejmánková E, Houdková K. Wetland plant decomposition under different nutrient conditions: What is more important, litter quality or site quality? Biogeochemistry, 2006,80:245~262.

[25] Neckles H A,Neill C.Hydrologic control of litter decomposition in seasonally flooded prairie marshes. Hydrobiologia, 1993,286(3):155~165.

[26] Taylor B R, Parkinson D, Parsons W F.Nitrogen and lignin content as predictors of litter decay- rates: A microcosm test. Ecology, 1989, 70: 97~104.

[27] Alicia S M, Roberto A D.Decomposition of and nutrient dynamics in leaf litter and roots of Poaligularis and Stipa gyneriode.Journal of Arid Environments, 2003, 55: 503~514.

[28] 孙志高,刘景双.湿地枯落物分解及其对全球变化的响应.生态学报,2007, 27(4): 1606~1618.

[29] Van Der Valk A G, Attivill P M.Above-and below-ground litter decomposition in an Australian Salt marsh. Australian Journal of Ecology,1983,8:441~447.

[30] Puriveth P.Decomposition of emergent macrophytes in a Wisconsin marsh. Hydrobiologia, 1980,72:231~242.

不同水淹环境下河口感潮湿地枯落物分解及营养动态

Litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics in different tidal water submergence environments of estuarine tidal wetland

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 6

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	朱冬, 高抒. 江苏中部海岸互花米草扩展对滩涂围垦的响应[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(12): 2382-2392.
[2]	沈永明, 王艳芳, 陈寿军, 吴德力, 虞慰岩, 李朝晖. 互花米草盐沼湿地大型底栖动物时空分布特征[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(4): 638-644.
[3]	章文龙, 曾六福, 张林海, 曾从盛. 闽江河口湿地互花米草钾元素分布、积累与季节动态[J]. 地理研究, 2011, 30(11): 2076-2082.
[4]	仝川,贾瑞霞,王维奇,曾从盛. 闽江口潮汐盐沼湿地土壤碳氮磷的空间变化[J]. 地理研究, 2010, 29(7): 1203-1212.
[5]	高建华, 杨桂山, 欧维新. 互花米草引种对苏北潮滩湿地 TOC 、TN和TP分布的影响[J]. 地理研究, 2007, 26(4): 799-808.
[6]	沈永明, 张忍顺, 王艳红. 互花米草盐沼潮沟地貌特征[J]. 地理研究, 2003, 22(4): 520-527.

不同水淹环境下河口感潮湿地 枯落物分解及营养动态

Litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics in different tidal water submergence environments of estuarine tidal wetland

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 6

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

不同水淹环境下河口感潮湿地枯落物分解及营养动态