广州市产业生态化时空演变特征及驱动因素
作者简介:张国俊(1977- ),女,湖北公安人,博士,讲师,研究方向为区域发展与城乡规划。E-mail: guojunz@gdufe.edu.cn
收稿日期: 2018-01-07
要求修回日期: 2018-04-02
网络出版日期: 2018-06-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41601161)
广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030313224)
2017年度广州市哲学社会科学“十三五”规划课题(2017GZZK16)
The characteristics and driving forces of spatial and temporal evolution of industrial ecology in Guangzhou
Received date: 2018-01-07
Request revised date: 2018-04-02
Online published: 2018-06-10
Copyright
从产业效率和生态效率两个维度构建广州市产业生态化综合评价指标体系,采用熵值法与耦合评价模型,探究2005-2015年广州市产业生态化总体水平的时空演变特征、剖析了产业与生态效率协调关系的演变,并就其驱动因素进行了分析。结果表明:从时间演变特征看,广州市产业生态化发展总体水平在波动中持续提升,其中生态效率较产业效率的提升幅度更大;从空间分布特征看,总体呈现由核心区向主城区和外围区递减的分布格局;从空间演化看,区域间的总体水平差异变小,分布格局保持相对稳定;广州市产业与生态效率的总体协调程度稳步上升,协调类型的层次在空间上总体呈现从外围向核心区逐步提升趋势,协调类型的演变可分为协调深化发展、协调发展和专业化发展三种模式。产业发展策略、城市空间发展战略、环境监管、技术创新与应用以及企业节能减排的意识是广州市产业生态化发展的重要驱动因素。
张国俊 , 王珏晗 , 庄大昌 . 广州市产业生态化时空演变特征及驱动因素[J]. 地理研究, 2018 , 37(6) : 1070 -1086 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201806002
By using the entropy method and the coupling assessment model, this paper constructs the comprehensive evaluation index system of industrial ecology in Guangzhou from two dimensions, i.e., the economic efficiency and ecological efficiency. Then it explores the spatial and temporal evolution of the industrial ecology in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2015, and analyzes the coordinative evolution of the economic efficiency and ecological efficiency, as well as its driving forces. The results show that: (1) According to the temporal evolution characteristics, the industrial ecological development in Guangzhou continues to improve on the whole despite of some fluctuations, with the improvement rate of ecological efficiency higher than that of economic efficiency. (2) In terms of spatial distribution, the industrial ecological development presents the distribution pattern featured by the decreasing level from the core area to the main urban area and further to the peripheral area. From the perspective of spatial evolution, the overall level difference among regions has become smaller, which remained a relatively stable distribution pattern. (3) The overall coordination degree between economic efficiency and ecological efficiency in Guangzhou is rising steadily. The level of the coordination type shows the trend of gradual improvement from the peripheral area to the core area. The evolution mode of coordination type can be divided into three types: coordinated deepening development, coordinated development and professional development. (4) Industrial development strategy, urban spatial development strategy, environmental supervision, technological innovation and application, as well as enterprises' awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction, are the important driving forces for the development of industrial ecology in Guangzhou.
Tab. 1 The index system of comprehensive evaluation on industrial ecology in Guangzhou表1 广州市产业生态化评价指标体系 |
目标层 | 维度层 | 要素层 | 指标层 | 指标解释及关系 |
---|---|---|---|---|
产业生态化水平 | A 产业效率 | A1 产业发展基础 | A11 人均GDP | 地区经济发展水平(正向) |
A12 第三产业占GDP比重 | 产业结构高级化程度(正向) | |||
A13 工业企业高新技术产品增加值占工业增加值比重 | 地区工业技术水平,一定程度上体现创新水平(正向) | |||
A2 产业发展速度 | A21 GDP增长率 | 产业发展活力(正向) | ||
B 生态效率 | B1 资源消耗 | B11 单位GDP能耗 | 产业发展的节能降耗状况(反向) | |
B12 单位GDP电耗 | ||||
B13 单位GDP水耗 | ||||
B2 污染排放 | B21 单位工业增加值废水排放量 | 产业发展引起的常见环境污染情况(反向) | ||
B22 单位工业增加值废气排放量 | ||||
B23 单位工业增加值二氧化硫排放量 | ||||
B24 单位工业增加值烟(粉)尘排放量 | ||||
B3 循环利用 | B31 工业重复用水比例 | 循环利用能力(正向) | ||
B32 工业固体废物综合利用率 |
注:由于数据难以获取,单位GDP能耗用工业煤炭消耗量与GDP的比值代替,单位GDP水耗用单位工业增加值耗水量代替。 |
Tab. 2 Criteria for evaluating coupling coordination degree表2 耦合协调度等级划分标准 |
序号 | 协调度 | 协调等级 | 序号 | 协调度 | 协调等级 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.00~0.09 | 极度失调 | 6 | 0.50~0.59 | 勉强协调 |
2 | 0.10~0.19 | 严重失调 | 7 | 0.60~0.69 | 初级协调 |
3 | 0.20~0.29 | 中度失调 | 8 | 0.70~0.79 | 中级协调 |
4 | 0.30~0.39 | 轻度失调 | 9 | 0.80~0.89 | 良好协调 |
5 | 0.40~0.49 | 濒临失调 | 10 | 0.90~1.00 | 优质协调 |
Fig. 1 Evolution of industrial ecological level in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2015图1 2005-2015年广州市产业生态化水平演变 |
Fig. 2 Evolution of development level in each dimension and feature layer of industrial ecology in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2015图2 2005-2015年广州市产业生态化各维度及要素层发展水平演变 |
Fig. 3 The development level of industrial ecology in each district of Guangzhou in 2005, 2010 and 2015图3 2005年、2010年、2015年广州市各区产业生态化发展水平 |
Tab. 3 The comprehensive evaluation level and coupling coordination degree of industrial efficiency and ecological efficiency from 2005 to 2015表3 2005-2015年广州市产业效率与生态效率的评价值及耦合协调程度 |
年份 | 产业效率 | 生态效率 | 耦合度C | 协调度D | 协调等级 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 0.2074 | 0.1320 | 0.4875 | 0.2876 | 中度失调 |
2006 | 0.3129 | 0.2358 | 0.4950 | 0.3685 | 轻度失调 |
2007 | 0.3492 | 0.3934 | 0.4991 | 0.4305 | 濒临失调 |
2008 | 0.3755 | 0.2620 | 0.4920 | 0.3960 | 轻度失调 |
2009 | 0.3145 | 0.4441 | 0.4927 | 0.4323 | 濒临失调 |
2010 | 0.6143 | 0.5709 | 0.4997 | 0.5441 | 勉强协调 |
2011 | 0.6189 | 0.5531 | 0.4992 | 0.5409 | 勉强协调 |
2012 | 0.5114 | 0.7988 | 0.4878 | 0.5653 | 勉强协调 |
2013 | 0.7030 | 0.8301 | 0.4983 | 0.6180 | 初级协调 |
2014 | 0.6387 | 0.8937 | 0.4930 | 0.6146 | 初级协调 |
2015 | 0.7363 | 0.9218 | 0.4969 | 0.6418 | 初级协调 |
Fig. 4 The coordination development types of industrial ecology in each district of Guangzhou in 2005 and 2015图4 2005年、2015年广州市各区产业与生态协调发展类型 |
Fig. 5 The spatial layout pattern by industrial ecology type in Guangzhou in 2005 and 2015图5 2005年、2015年广州市产业与生态协调类型的空间布局模式 |
Fig. 6 The driving forces of temporal and spatial characteristics of industrial ecology in Guangzhou图6 广州市产业生态化时空特征驱动因素 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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