中国式乡村现代化是中国式现代化进程中的重要组成部分，在全面推进乡村振兴与城乡融合发展的新阶段，其理论建构与实践探索亟待深化创新。伴随全球化、城镇化、工业化和数字化的持续推进，乡村现代化研究呈现出多学科交叉的新趋势与新特征。本文系统梳理了中国式乡村现代化的阶段性演进脉络与重点领域，解析了城乡关系变迁中乡村结构性障碍及其破解路径，探讨了就近城镇化与乡村数字化对乡村经济社会空间的重塑机制。同时，锚定全球乡村现代化实践的比较视野，进一步审视了中国在乡村梯度分工、多元化发展路径选择以及农业产业体系革新等方面的本土化探索。在制度与治理层面，本文聚焦农村土地流转与城乡要素市场化配置的现实瓶颈与机制创新，并围绕构建多元共治的乡村现代治理体系展开深入探讨。研究认为，当前中国乡村现代化仍面临产业升级滞缓、治理效能不彰与内生动力不足等现实挑战。未来研究应在理论层面强化中国式乡村现代化理论体系的构建，必须立足“大国小农”等本土特征，突破西方理论依赖，形成自主理论范式，其研究框架应围绕理论创新与空间重构、人地协调与城乡融合、动力转换与治理创新等核心维度展开，系统阐释乡村现代化的内涵、机制与路径。在方法层面推动跨学科范式的集成创新，在实践层面注重政策的精准适配与落地效能，以期为全面推进中国式乡村现代化发展提供理论支撑与实践方案，并为全球乡村可持续发展贡献中国智慧。

Chinese-style rural modernization constitutes a vital component of China's modernization process. In this new stage of comprehensively advancing rural revitalization and integrated urban-rural development, its theoretical construction and practical exploration urgently require deepening and innovation. With the continuous advancement of globalization, urbanization, industrialization, and digitalization, the research on rural modernization has exhibited new trends and characteristics marked by interdisciplinary convergence. This paper systematically traces the phased evolution and key domains of China's rural modernization, analyzes structural obstacles in rural areas amid shifting urban-rural relations and pathways to overcome them, and explores the reshaping mechanism of rural economic and social space by in-situ urbanization and rural digitalization. Simultaneously, anchored in a comparative global perspective on rural modernization practices, it further examines China's localized explorations in rural gradient division of labor, diversified development pathways, and agricultural industrial system innovation. At the institutional and governance levels, this paper focuses on the practical bottlenecks and mechanism innovations in rural land transfers and the market-based allocation of urban-rural factors, while delving into the construction of multi-stakeholder modern rural governance system. The study concludes that China's rural modernization currently faces practical challenges including sluggish industrial upgrading, ineffective governance, and insufficient endogenous driving. Future research should strengthen the theoretical construction of Chinese rural modernization by grounding in the local characteristics like the “small-scale farming in a large country” model, breaking through from Western theoretical dependence, and establishing an autonomous theoretical paradigm. Its research framework should revolve around core dimensions such as theoretical innovation and spatial restructuring, human-earth coordination and urban-rural integration, and dynamic transformation and governance innovation, systematically elucidating the connotations, mechanisms, and pathways of rural modernization. Methodologically, it should promote integrated innovation across disciplinary paradigms. Practically, it should emphasize the precise alignment and implementation effectiveness of policies. This approach aims to provide theoretical support and practical solutions for comprehensively promoting the modernization of rural areas with Chinese characteristics, and contributing Chinese wisdom to the sustainable development of rural areas worldwide.

衷心感谢两位审稿专家为本文提出深刻而宝贵的修改建议。专家对政策背景、主题内容以及文章细节等方面所给予的深刻见解和建设性建议，极大地提升了文章的质量与学术价值。