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地理研究 >

2026 , Vol. 45 >Issue 2: 397 - 414

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11821/dlyj020250227

乡村发展空间分异与协调优化

乡村多功能转型下城乡逆向通勤的典型模式与空间分异规律——以广州市为例

  • 陈依棋 , 1, 2 ,
  • 仝德 , 1, 2 ,
  • 徐珩 1, 2 ,
  • 戴月尔 1, 2 ,
  • 潘向向 1, 2
展开
  • 1 北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院, 深圳 518055
  • 2 广东省人文社科重点研究基地超大城市空间治理现代化研究中心, 深圳 518055
仝德（1980-），女，陕西西安人，博士，副教授，博士生导师，研究方向为城镇化与土地经济，住房与城市更新。E-mail:

陈依棋（2002-），女，山西朔州人，硕士研究生，研究方向为城乡规划与治理。E-mail:

收稿日期: 2025-03-03

  录用日期: 2025-06-05

  网络出版日期: 2026-02-03

基金资助

深圳市哲学社会科学规划2024年度课题(SZ2024B014)

深圳市人文社会科学重点研究基地建设基金

收起

Typical patterns and spatial differentiation of urban-to-rural reverse commuting under rural multifunctional transition: A case study of Guangzhou

  • CHEN Yiqi , 1, 2 ,
  • TONG De , 1, 2 ,
  • XU Heng 1, 2 ,
  • DAI Yueer 1, 2 ,
  • PAN Xiangxiang 1, 2
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  • 1 School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
  • 2 Center for Modernization of Space Governance in Megacities, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China

Received date: 2025-03-03

  Accepted date: 2025-06-05

  Online published: 2026-02-03

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摘要

在城乡融合发展的背景下，城乡要素流动加快，催生了“住在城市、职在乡村”的城乡逆向通勤现象。本文以广州市为例，基于手机信令等多源时空数据，利用SVM机器学习算法，构建“功能-角色”分类体系，提炼城乡逆向通勤人群的典型模式和空间分异规律。研究发现：① 广州市城乡逆向通勤群体规模接近35万人/日，约占农村就业的12.30%，城乡逆向通勤逐渐成为一种新的通勤类型。② 城乡逆向通勤的平均通勤距离较长，但仍具有规避极端通勤的倾向；其流动空间呈现出以近郊和远郊圈层内部流动为主、中心城区流向近郊农村和近郊城市社区流向远郊农村为辅的空间特征，少有远郊城市社区向近郊农村跨圈层流动的情况。③ 乡村产业多功能转型和城市居住舒适性是促成城乡逆向通勤现象的主要原因，通过建立“功能-角色”的分类框架，利用SVM算法识别出五类城乡逆向通勤人群：乡村性消费经营者型、乡村性消费服务者型、工业企业经营者型、工业企业服务者型、公共服务保障型。④ 城乡居住偏好差异凸显公共服务差距，需精准提升乡村公共服务供给质量；乡村转型应以乡村性消费产业为主导，同时推动工业向城市集聚，促进城乡产业协同；针对逆向通勤问题，需优化职住空间配置，实现城乡要素高效流动。研究揭示了城乡人口逆向通勤的新特征规律，对其典型模式和形成原因进行解析，并结合城乡融合发展背景，从职住空间优化、乡村功能转型和公共服务配置三方面提出政策建议。

关键词： 城乡逆向通勤; 乡村多功能性; SVM模型; 职住模式; 手机信令数据; 广州市

本文引用格式

陈依棋 , 仝德 , 徐珩 , 戴月尔 , 潘向向 . 乡村多功能转型下城乡逆向通勤的典型模式与空间分异规律——以广州市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2026 , 45(2) : 397 -414 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020250227

Abstract

Urban-rural integration has accelerated factor flows, giving rise to a reverse commuting pattern where individuals live in cities but work in villages. Leveraging mobile signaling data and SVM algorithms, this study develops a “function-role” taxonomy to decode commuter patterns and spatial dynamics in Guangzhou. Key findings include: (1) Urban-to-rural reverse commuting in Guangzhou involves nearly 350,000 people daily, accounting for approximately 12.30% of rural employment, emerging as a new commuting type. (2) Urban-to-rural reverse commuting exhibit long distances yet avoid extremes, featuring intra-suburban flows dominated, supplemented by central-to-inner and inner-to-outer suburb movements, with rare cross-ring flows from outer suburban to inner rural areas. (3) Rural multifunctionality and urban amenities jointly shape five commuter types via SVM classification: rural consumption-oriented business operators, rural consumption-oriented service workers, industrial enterprise operators, industrial enterprise service workers, and public service providers. (4) Urban-rural residency gaps require upgraded rural services; prioritize local consumption industries with urban industrial relocation; optimize job-housing layouts for efficient resource flow. This study reveals urban-rural reverse commuting patterns, analyzes their characteristics and underlying causes, and proposes corresponding solutions. Key policy implications include job-housing optimization, rural functional transformation, and the reallocation of services under urban-rural integration.

Key words： urban-rural reverse commuting; rural multifunctionality; SVM model; job-residence patterns; mobile phone signaling data; Guangzhou

真诚感谢两位匿名评审专家在论文评审中所付出的时间和精力，评审专家对本文研究思路梳理和理论完善、数据筛选规则说明、研究结果的解释、语言精确表达等方面提出了专业而细致的修改意见，使本文获益匪浅。

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